Clinicopathological analysis of 134 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the mandibular gingiva

Hirofumi Tomioka; Naoto Nishii; Yu Oikawa; Takuma Kugimoto; Takeshi Kuroshima; Hideaki Hirai; Kou Kayamori; Atsushi Kaida; Masahiko Miura; Hiroyuki Harada

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23120

Clinicopathological analysis of 134 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the mandibular gingiva

Heliyon. 2023 Nov 30;10(1):e23120. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23120. eCollection 2024 Jan 15.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
² Department of Oral Pathology, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
³ Department of Dental Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.

Abstract

Objective: The accurate assessment of the involvement of mandibular gingival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is essential for determining the extent of resection and is also useful for predicting lymph node metastasis and prognosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors for predicting the prognosis.

Study design: We reviewed 134 patients with mandibular gingival SCC treated between 2008 and 2017. The clinical findings, TN stage, relationship between radiographical type and histological pattern, and factors affecting the survival rate were investigated.

Results: The moth-eaten radiographic type was significantly associated with histologically infiltrative pattern. For all 134 cases, the 5-year OS was 89.5 %, and 5-year DSS was 93.9 %. The 5-year DSS was 95.0 % for cN0 and/or pN0 cases and 90.3 % for pN (+) cases, with a significant difference. The significant risk factors for lymph node metastasis were teeth extractions by previous physicians and moth-eaten radiographic type.

Conclusion: The risk factor for poor prognosis was lymph node metastasis. In addition, teeth extractions by previous physicians and moth-eaten radiographic type were the risk factors for lymph node metastasis. It is recommended that these cases be treated considering the possibility of cervical lymph node metastasis.

Keywords: Mandibular gingiva; Oral cancer; Risk factor; Squamous cell carcinoma.