Investigating fear of cancer recurrence among female breast cancer survivors and their spouses in southwest China: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objectives: Examining fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) among breast cancer survivors and their spouses, and the protective effect of family resilience on FCR among couples affected by breast cancer.

Design: Cross-sectional survey design.

Setting: Ten general grade IIIa (>500 beds) hospitals in southwest China.

Participants: Overall, 392 early breast cancer survivors and their spousal caregivers (N=392) were recruited from cancer centres in hospitals.

Primary and secondary outcome measures: Spouses' and survivors' FCR were the primary outcome measures. Family resilience and perceived stress were the secondary outcome measures. Using a convenience sampling method, we collected data on-site using paper questionnaires. The Chinese version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Fear of Progression Questionnaire Short Form and Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form for spouses were used to evaluate the outcomes.

Results: The model accounted for 66.3% and 53.6% of the variance in spouses' FCR and survivors' FCR, respectively. Family resilience directly negatively affected perceived stress and spouses' and survivors' FCR (β=-0.22; β=-0.13; β=-0.19). Perceived stress was a partial mediator of the association between family resilience and survivors' FCR (β=-0.070; 95% CI :-0.151 to -0.022). Spouses' FCR partially mediated the association between family resilience and survivors' FCR (β=-0.048; 95% CI= -0.092 to -0.015). Perceived stress and spouses' FCR played a significant chain-mediated role between family resilience and survivors' FCR (β=-0.061; 95% CI: -0.119 to -0.022).

Conclusions: Family-centred approaches to reducing survivors' perceived stress can improve the psychological well-being of couples affected by breast cancer and ultimately reduce FCR. Medical staff should consider the psychological feelings of survivors and their spousal caregivers when devising the intervention plan, which should address the families' potential and mobilise family and community resources for increasing family resilience.

Keywords: Breast tumours; Cancer pain; Health & safety; Quality in health care.