N95 respirator hybrid decontamination method using Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI) coupled with Microwave-Generated Steam (MGS)

PLoS One. 2024 Feb 6;19(2):e0296871. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296871. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has induced a critical supply of personal protective equipment (PPE) especially N95 respirators. Utilizing respirator decontamination procedures to reduce the pathogen load of a contaminated N95 respirator can be a viable solution for reuse purposes. In this study, the efficiency of a novel hybrid respirator decontamination method of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) which utilizes ultraviolet-C (UV-C) rays coupled with microwave-generated steam (MGS) against feline coronavirus (FCoV) was evaluated. The contaminated 3M 1860 respirator pieces were treated with three treatments (UVGI-only, MGS-only, and Hybrid-UVGI + MGS) with variable time. The virucidal activity was evaluated using the TCID50 method. The comparison of decontamination efficiency of the treatments indicated that the hybrid method achieved at least a pathogen log reduction of 4 logs, faster than MGS and UVGI. These data recommend that the proposed hybrid decontamination system is more effective comparatively in achieving pathogen log reduction of 4 logs.

MeSH terms

  • Decontamination / methods
  • Equipment Reuse
  • Microwaves
  • N95 Respirators*
  • Pandemics
  • Steam*
  • Ultraviolet Rays

Substances

  • Steam

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the Universiti Malaya COVID-19 Related Special Research Grant (UMCSRG - CSRG003-2020ST). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, analysis, manuscript preparation, or the decision to publish.