Comparison of the Diode Laser Wavelengths 445 nm and 810 nm in Gingival Depigmentation - A Clinical Evaluation

Seyed Masoud Mojahedi Nasab; Matthias Frentzen; Andreas Mayr; Somayeh Rahmani; Fahimeh Anbari; Jörg Meister; Saranaz Azari-Marhabi; Deniz Mojahedi Nasab

doi:10.34172/jlms.2023.63

Comparison of the Diode Laser Wavelengths 445 nm and 810 nm in Gingival Depigmentation - A Clinical Evaluation

J Lasers Med Sci. 2023 Dec 19:14:e63. doi: 10.34172/jlms.2023.63. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Seyed Masoud Mojahedi Nasab^{1

2

3}, Matthias Frentzen^{1

2}, Andreas Mayr⁴, Somayeh Rahmani⁵, Fahimeh Anbari⁵, Jörg Meister^{1

2

3}, Saranaz Azari-Marhabi³, Deniz Mojahedi Nasab⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Bonn University, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
² Center of Applied Medical Laser Research and Biomedical Optics (AMLaReBO), Bonn University, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
³ Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Bonn University, Venusberg-Campus 1 Bldg. 11, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
⁵ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Dental School, Tehran, Iran.
⁶ Cellular Biology Department of Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Nowadays, esthetic appearance plays an important role in the field of dentistry. Discolorations and pigmentations of the gingiva reduce the appearance of a healthy-looking smile. On this occasion, the use of lasers shows a promising approach for a fast and non-aggressive treatment in this field. Different laser wavelengths are being used for gingival depigmentation this clinical study aimed to investigate the effect of the novel laser wavelength (445 nm) in this field and compare it with an 810 nm diode laser. Methods: Two diode laser wavelengths (445 nm and 810 nm) were used for depigmentation. The laser output power chosen was 1 W. An optical fiber with a diameter of 400 µm was used. 21 patients with pigmented gingiva were selected. Depigmentation was carried out in a split-mouth design for a direct comparison of the clinical effect. Outcomes were documented by photograph after one month and six months of follow-up. Results: For each wavelength, 21 volunteers evaluated 21 clinical cases of depigmentation, which means that 441 comparisons were carried out in total regarding the color change from brownish to pinkish. A 100% clarification was achieved for 445 nm. In the 810 nm group, the color change in 44 of 441 cases (10%) could not be clearly identified. No statistically significant difference in pain experience was reported for both laser treatments. Conclusion: The clinical evaluation showed that within the limitations of this study, most of the clinical outcome parameters were highly acceptable by the patients due to mild pain and discomfort for both laser systems.

Keywords: Diode laser; Gingival depigmentation; Optical fiber; Split-mouth design.