Response of bacterial community metabolites to bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum: a multi-omics analysis

Chengjian Wei; Jinchang Liang; Rui Wang; Luping Chi; Wenjing Wang; Jun Tan; Heli Shi; Xueru Song; Zhenzhen Cui; Qiang Xie; Dejie Cheng; Xiaoqiang Wang

doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1339478

Response of bacterial community metabolites to bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum: a multi-omics analysis

Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jan 22:14:1339478. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1339478. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Chengjian Wei^#^{1

2}, Jinchang Liang^#², Rui Wang^#³, Luping Chi², Wenjing Wang², Jun Tan³, Heli Shi³, Xueru Song⁴, Zhenzhen Cui², Qiang Xie⁵, Dejie Cheng¹, Xiaoqiang Wang²

Affiliations

¹ College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
² Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China.
³ Enshi Tobacco Science and Technology Center, Enshi, China.
⁴ Engineering Center for Biological Control of Diseases and Pests in Tobacco Industry, Yuxi, China.
⁵ Sichuan Tobacco Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

The soil microbial community plays a critical role in promoting robust plant growth and serves as an effective defence mechanism against root pathogens. Current research has focused on unravelling the compositions and functions of diverse microbial taxa in plant rhizospheres invaded by Ralstonia solanacearum, however, the specific mechanisms by which key microbial groups with distinct functions exert their effects remain unclear. In this study, we employed a combination of amplicon sequencing and metabolomics analysis to investigate the principal metabolic mechanisms of key microbial taxa in plant rhizosphere soil. Compared to the healthy tobacco rhizosphere samples, the bacterial diversity and co-occurrence network of the diseased tobacco rhizosphere soil were significantly reduced. Notably, certain genera, including Gaiella, Rhodoplanes, and MND1 (Nitrosomonadaceae), were found to be significantly more abundant in the rhizosphere of healthy plants than in that of diseased plants. Eight environmental factors, including exchangeable magnesium, available phosphorus, and pH, were found to be crucial factors influencing the composition of the microbial community. Ralstonia displayed negative correlations with pH, exchangeable magnesium, and cation exchange flux, but showed a positive correlation with available iron. Furthermore, metabolomic analysis revealed that the metabolic pathways related to the synthesis of various antibacterial compounds were significantly enriched in the healthy group. The correlation analysis results indicate that the bacterial genera Polycyclovorans, Lysobacter, Pseudomonas, and Nitrosospira may participate in the synthesis of antibacterial compounds. Collectively, our findings contribute to a more in-depth understanding of disease resistance mechanisms within healthy microbial communities and provide a theoretical foundation for the development of targeted strategies using beneficial microorganisms to suppress disease occurrence.

Keywords: bacterial wilt; keystone taxa; metabolites; microbiomes; rhizosphere.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by the Major Tobacco Science and Technology Projects (110202101054(LS-14), YXYC2022008, SCYC202001), the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund (No. 1610232023018), the Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring & Integrated Management (KLTMMIMT2022-09), and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of China (ASTIP- TRIC04).