Perineuronal net deglycosylation associates with tauopathy-induced gliosis and neurodegeneration

Aric F Logsdon; Brian Foresi; Shannon J Hu; Emily Quah; Cristiana J Meuret; Jaden P Le; Aarun S Hendrickson; Ingrid K Redford; Asmit Kumar; Bao Anh Phan; Tammy P Doan; Cassidy Noonan; Nzinga E Hendricks; Jeanna M Wheeler; Brian C Kraemer; Kimberly M Alonge

doi:10.1111/jnc.16067

Perineuronal net deglycosylation associates with tauopathy-induced gliosis and neurodegeneration

J Neurochem. 2024 Feb 5. doi: 10.1111/jnc.16067. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Aric F Logsdon^{1

2}, Brian Foresi³, Shannon J Hu⁴, Emily Quah⁵, Cristiana J Meuret⁶, Jaden P Le^{5

6}, Aarun S Hendrickson^{5

7}, Ingrid K Redford⁵, Asmit Kumar⁵, Bao Anh Phan⁵, Tammy P Doan⁸, Cassidy Noonan^{1

2}, Nzinga E Hendricks¹, Jeanna M Wheeler¹, Brian C Kraemer^{1

2}, Kimberly M Alonge^{5

6

7}

Affiliations

¹ Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA.
² Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
³ College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA.
⁴ Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
⁵ University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
⁶ Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
⁷ Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
⁸ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

PMID: 38317026
DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16067

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by clinical symptoms of memory and cognitive deficiencies. Postmortem evaluation of AD brain tissue shows proteinopathy that closely associate with the progression of this dementing disorder, including the accumulation of extracellular beta amyloid (Aβ) and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) with neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Current therapies targeting Aβ have limited clinical efficacy and life-threatening side effects and highlight the need for alternative treatments targeting pTau and other pathophysiologic mechanisms driving AD pathogenesis. The brain's extracellular matrices (ECM), particularly perineuronal nets (PNNs), play a crucial role in brain functioning and neurocircuit stability, and reorganization of these unique PNN matrices has been associated with the progression of AD and accumulation of pTau in humans. We hypothesize that AD-associated changes in PNNs may in part be driven by the accumulation of pTau within the brain. In this work, we investigated whether the presence of pTau influenced PNN structural integrity and PNN chondroitin sulfate-glycosaminoglycan (CS-GAG) compositional changes in two transgenic mouse models expressing tauopathy-related AD pathology, PS19 (P301S) and Tau4RTg2652 mice. We show that PS19 mice exhibit an age-dependent loss of hippocampal PNN CS-GAGs, but not the underlying aggrecan core protein structures, in association with pTau accumulation, gliosis, and neurodegeneration. The loss of PNN CS-GAGs were linked to shifts in CS-GAG sulfation patterns to favor the neuroregenerative isomer, 2S6S-CS. Conversely, Tau4RTg2652 mice exhibit stable PNN structures and normal CS-GAG isomer composition despite robust pTau accumulation, suggesting a critical interaction between neuronal PNN glycan integrity and neighboring glial cell activation. Overall, our findings provide insights into the complex relationship between PNN CS-GAGs, pTau pathology, gliosis, and neurodegeneration in mouse models of tauopathy, and offer new therapeutic insights and targets for AD treatment.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; chondroitin sulfates; extracellular matrix; glycosaminoglycans; perineuronal nets.

Abstract

Grants and funding