The role of s-palmitoylation in neurological diseases: implication for zDHHC family

Dan Liao; Yutao Huang; Dan Liu; Haofuzi Zhang; Xinyu Shi; Xin Li; Peng Luo

doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1342830

The role of s-palmitoylation in neurological diseases: implication for zDHHC family

Front Pharmacol. 2024 Jan 16:14:1342830. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1342830. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Dan Liao¹, Yutao Huang¹, Dan Liu^{1

2}, Haofuzi Zhang¹, Xinyu Shi¹, Xin Li³, Peng Luo¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
² School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
³ Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.

Abstract

S-palmitoylation is a reversible posttranslational modification, and the palmitoylation reaction in human-derived cells is mediated by the zDHHC family, which is composed of S-acyltransferase enzymes that possess the DHHC (Asp-His-His-Cys) structural domain. zDHHC proteins form an autoacylation intermediate, which then attaches the fatty acid to cysteine a residue in the target protein. zDHHC proteins sublocalize in different neuronal structures and exert dif-ferential effects on neurons. In humans, many zDHHC proteins are closely related to human neu-rological disor-ders. This review focuses on a variety of neurological disorders, such as AD (Alz-heimer's disease), HD (Huntington's disease), SCZ (schizophrenia), XLID (X-linked intellectual disability), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and glioma. In this paper, we will discuss and summarize the research progress regarding the role of zDHHC proteins in these neu-rological disorders.

Keywords: S-palmitoylation; glutamate receptor; neurological diseases; protein acyltransferase; scaffold protein; zDHHC.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 82171321, 82171363, and 82371381).