Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological disorder characterized by the sudden onset of seizures, headaches, and visual disturbances. Its exact cause is unknown, but several triggers and associated conditions are identified, including high blood pressure, kidney dysfunction, and various medications. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a crucial role in diagnosis due to its high sensitivity and specificity for detecting characteristic features. Pediatric PRES exhibit age-dependent differences in triggers, radiological findings, and clinical course. The lesions typically involve the posterior cortical and subcortical white matter, but atypical locations and features are also observed. While generally reversible with appropriate treatment, PRES carries a risk of permanent neurological damage. Despite increasing cases, the current literature on pediatric PRES remains limited. This review highlights the need for further research to understand the mechanisms, delineate distinct clinical and radiological features, and develop precise diagnostic and management strategies for pediatric patients.
Keywords: clinical presentation; ct; hypertension; mri; neuroimaging; pediatrics; posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (pres); pres.
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