Characteristics of the gut microbiota of patients with symptomatic carotid atherosclerotic plaques positive for bacterial genetic material

Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Jan 12:13:1296554. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1296554. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Background: The gut microbiota (GM) is believed to be closely associated with symptomatic carotid atherosclerosis (SCAS), yet more evidence is needed to substantiate the significant role of GM in SCAS. This study, based on the detection of bacterial DNA in carotid plaques, explores the characteristics of GM in SCAS patients with plaque bacterial genetic material positivity, aiming to provide a reference for subsequent research.

Methods: We enrolled 27 healthy individuals (NHF group) and 23 SCAS patients (PFBS group). We utilized 16S rDNA V3-V4 region gene sequencing to analyze the microbiota in fecal samples from both groups, as well as in plaque samples from the carotid bifurcation extending to the origin of the internal carotid artery in all patients.

Results: Our results indicate significant differences in the gut microbiota (GM) between SCAS patients and healthy individuals. The detection rate of bacterial DNA in plaque samples was approximately 26%. Compared to patients with negative plaques (PRSOPWNP group), those with positive plaques (PRSOPWPP group) exhibited significant alterations in their GM, particularly an upregulation of 11 bacterial genera (such as Klebsiella and Streptococcus) in the gut, which were also present in the plaques. In terms of microbial gene function prediction, pathways such as Fluorobenzoate degradation were significantly upregulated in the GM of patients with positive plaques.

Conclusion: In summary, our study is the first to identify significant alterations in the gut microbiota of patients with positive plaques, providing crucial microbial evidence for further exploration of the pathogenesis of SCAS.

Keywords: carotid atherosclerosis; gut microbiota; inflammation; microbial function; plaque.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bacteria / genetics
  • Carotid Arteries / microbiology
  • Carotid Arteries / pathology
  • DNA, Bacterial / genetics
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic* / pathology

Substances

  • DNA, Bacterial

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was funded by the Youth Research Fund Project of Liaocheng People’s Hospital (Grant No. LCPH201907), the 2021 Science and Technology Project of the Shandong Geriatrics Society (Grant No. LKJGG2021Z010), and the Liaocheng City Science and Technology Bureau (Grant No. 2022YDSF18).