This longitudinal study aimed to assess the quality of life in patients with anal fissures treated with botulinum toxin (Botox) injections over a one-year period. The study hypothesized that Botox injections would significantly improve quality of life and that these improvements would be sustained over a year. Conducted as a cross-sectional study, it assessed adults diagnosed with chronic anal fissures unresponsive to conventional treatments. Participants received 25 U of Botox in two sessions and their quality of life was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF, COPE-60, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and SF-36 surveys. Data were collected at baseline six months and one year post-treatment. The study involved 113 patients, with a mean age of 38.1 years. Significant improvements were observed in the WHOQOL-BREF scores across all domains from baseline to 12 months (physical domain: 49.4 ± 10.5 to 70.2 ± 10.6, p < 0.001; mental domain: 34.8 ± 11.2 to 61.9 ± 11.5, p < 0.001). SF-36 scores also showed significant enhancements in physical and mental health components (physical: 44.3 ± 7.5 to 56.9 ± 5.9, p < 0.001; mental: 41.1 ± 7.2 to 54.4 ± 6.3, p < 0.001). Additionally, significant improvements were noted in patient perception on quality of life from the perspective of various aspects including physical discomfort, pain management, and mood and emotional well-being. The study demonstrated that Botox injections significantly improved the quality of life in patients with chronic anal fissures, with sustained benefits observed over a year. These findings suggest Botox as an effective treatment modality for enhancing life quality in patients with this condition, highlighting the potential for broader applications in managing chronic anal fissures.
Keywords: Botox; anal fissure; longitudinal studies; quality of life.