TLR10: An Intriguing Toll-Like Receptor with Many Unanswered Questions

Carolina Rego Rodrigues; Yadu Balachandran; Gurpreet Kaur Aulakh; Baljit Singh

doi:10.1159/000535523

TLR10: An Intriguing Toll-Like Receptor with Many Unanswered Questions

J Innate Immun. 2024;16(1):96-104. doi: 10.1159/000535523. Epub 2024 Jan 19.

Authors

Carolina Rego Rodrigues¹, Yadu Balachandran², Gurpreet Kaur Aulakh³, Baljit Singh²

Affiliations

¹ Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, vbk289@usask.ca.
² Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
³ Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.

Abstract

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one of the first pattern recognition receptors found in the innate immune system. The TLR family has 12 members (TLR1-TLR9, TLR11-TLR13) in mice and 10 members (TLR1-TLR10) in humans, with TLR10 being the latest identified.

Summary: Considerable research has been performed on TLRs; however, TLR10 is known as an orphan receptor for the lack of information on its signalling, role, and ligands. Even though there are recent studies pointing towards the potential TLR10 ligands, their function and signalling pathway are yet to be determined.

Key messages: This review gives an insight into recent findings on TLR10's pro- and anti-inflammatory properties, with the goal of outlining existing results and indicating future research topics on this receptor.

Keywords: Inflammation; Innate immunity; Lung; TLR10.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Inflammation / immunology
Ligands
Mice
Signal Transduction
Toll-Like Receptor 10* / genetics
Toll-Like Receptor 10* / metabolism

Substances

Ligands
Toll-Like Receptor 10

Grants and funding

The work was performed in the laboratories of Dr. Gurpreet Kaur Aulakh and Dr. Baljit Singh, and it was supported through grants from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Dr. Gurpreet Kaur Aulakh holds Sylvia Fedoruk Chair in Nuclear Imaging.