Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) represent 2-3% of cancer cases in Denmark, with increasing incidence. RCCs invading the inferior vena cava (IVC) with tumour thrombus (TT) are associated with poor prognosis. Classification is based on tumour extent in the IVC. Surgical treatment involves radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy, with different approaches depending on TT level. Complications are significant, with a mortality rate of 2-13%. Additional therapies may improve outcomes. This review finds that all patients with RCC and IVC TT should be considered for surgery.
Published under Open Access CC-BY-NC-BD 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.