Development of Deltamethrin-Laced Attractive Toxic Sugar Bait to Control Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) Population

Sarita Kumar; Aarti Sharma; Roopa Rani Samal; Vaishali Verma; Ravinder Kumar Sagar; Shri Pati Singh; Kamaraju Raghavendra

doi:10.1155/2024/6966205

Development of Deltamethrin-Laced Attractive Toxic Sugar Bait to Control Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) Population

J Trop Med. 2024 Jan 6:2024:6966205. doi: 10.1155/2024/6966205. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Sarita Kumar¹, Aarti Sharma¹, Roopa Rani Samal¹, Vaishali Verma², Ravinder Kumar Sagar¹, Shri Pati Singh², Kamaraju Raghavendra²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Zoology, Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110 019, India.
² ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector 8, Dwarka, New Delhi 110 077, India.

Abstract

Background: The attractive toxic sugar bait (ATSB) is a promising strategy for controlling mosquitoes at the adult stage. The strategy is based on the use of a combination of fruit juice, sugar, and a toxin in order to attract and kill the adult mosquitoes. The selection of the components and optimization of their concentrations is significant for the formulation of an effective ATSB.

Methods: The present study formulated nine ATSBs and evaluated their efficacy against two laboratory strains (AND-Aedes aegypti and AND-Aedes aegypti-DL10) and two wildcaught colonized strains of Aedes aegypti (GVD-Delhi and SHD-Delhi). Initially, nine attractive sugar baits (ASBs) were prepared using a mixture of 100% fermented guava juice (attractant) with 10% sucrose solution (w/v) in 1 : 1 ratio. ATSBs were formulated by mixing each ASB with different concentrations of deltamethrin in the ratio of 9 : 1 to obtain final deltamethrin concentration of 0.003125-0.8 mg/10 mL ATSB. Cage bioassays were conducted with 50 mosquitoes for 24 h in order to evaluate the efficacy of each ATSB against the four strains of Ae. aegypti. The data were statistically analyzed using PASW software 19.0 program and 2-way ANOVA.

Results: The ATSB formulations registered 8.33-97.44% mortality against AND-Aedes aegypti and 5.15-96.91% mortality against AND-Aedes aegypti-DL10 strains of Ae. aegypti, while GVD-Delhi strain registered 2.04-95.83% mortality and SHD-Delhi strain showed 5.10-97.96% mortality. The administration of 0.8 mg of deltamethrin within 10 mL of attractive toxic sugar bait (ATSB) has led to the maximum mortality rate in adult mosquitoes.

Conclusions: The ATSBs formulated with guava juice-ASB and deltamethrin (9 : 1) showed toxin dose-dependent toxicity by all the four strains of Ae. aegypti. Most effective dosage was found as 0.8 mg deltamethrin/10 mL ATSB which imparted 96% to 98% mortality in adult mosquitoes. The investigations demonstrated the efficacy of deltamethrin-laced ATSB formulations against Ae. aegypti and highlighted the need for conduct of structured field trials and investigating the impact on disease vectors and nontarget organisms.