Qualitative Exploration of the Needs of Pregnant Women to Manage the Fear of Childbirth

Azam Bakhteh; Nasrin Jaberghaderi; Mastaneh Kamravamanesh; Mitra Kolivand; Mansour Rezaei; Zahra Motaghi

doi:10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_297_22

Qualitative Exploration of the Needs of Pregnant Women to Manage the Fear of Childbirth

Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2023 Nov 9;28(6):690-698. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_297_22. eCollection 2023 Nov-Dec.

Authors

Azam Bakhteh¹, Nasrin Jaberghaderi², Mastaneh Kamravamanesh³, Mitra Kolivand³, Mansour Rezaei⁴, Zahra Motaghi⁵

Affiliations

¹ Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
² Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
³ Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁴ Department of Biostatistics, School of Health and Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah.
⁵ Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.

Abstract

Background: Some women experience the Fear of Childbirth (FOC) during pregnancy, labor, and birth which can have consequences for their health and well-being. To provide the right conditions for having a positive experience of childbirth, the needs of pregnant women must be correctly recognized. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the needs of women in managing the FOC with a qualitative design.

Materials and methods: This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis from January to November 2021. To this aim, 15 pregnant women, 21 healthcare providers, and four maternal health policymakers were purposefully selected from Kermanshah health centers, with maximum diversity. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. Data accuracy was guaranteed using Lincoln and Guba criteria. The MAXQDA software was used for data analysis.

Results: From the analysis of the data obtained from the interviews, three main categories emerged concerning the needs of mothers to properly manage the FOC: "need to provide awareness and empowerment of mother and family," and "the need to pay attention to the mental health of pregnant women," and "supporting needs (seeking support)."

Conclusions: Identifying and paying attention to woman's needs in the areas of education, mental health, and support can help them manage crisis-ridden situations, including the FOC. In response to the needs of mothers to empower them in managing the FOC, it is recommended to formulate special guidelines in this field.

Keywords: Delivery; fear; needs; qualitative research.