Meeting 24-h movement behavior guidelines is linked to academic engagement, psychological functioning, and cognitive difficulties in youth with internalizing problems

Yanping Gao; Qian Yu; Felipe B Schuch; Fabian Herold; M Mahbub Hossain; Sebastian Ludyga; Markus Gerber; Sean P Mullen; Albert S Yeung; Arthur F Kramer; Alyx Taylor; Robert Schinke; Boris Cheval; Anthony G Delli Paoli; Jonathan Leo Ng; Tine Van Damme; Martin Block; Paolo M Cunha; Timothy Olds; Justin A Haegele; Liye Zou

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.017

Meeting 24-h movement behavior guidelines is linked to academic engagement, psychological functioning, and cognitive difficulties in youth with internalizing problems

J Affect Disord. 2024 Mar 15:349:176-186. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.017. Epub 2024 Jan 6.

Authors

Yanping Gao¹, Qian Yu², Felipe B Schuch³, Fabian Herold⁴, M Mahbub Hossain⁵, Sebastian Ludyga⁶, Markus Gerber⁶, Sean P Mullen⁷, Albert S Yeung⁸, Arthur F Kramer⁹, Alyx Taylor¹⁰, Robert Schinke¹¹, Boris Cheval¹², Anthony G Delli Paoli¹³, Jonathan Leo Ng¹⁴, Tine Van Damme¹⁵, Martin Block¹⁶, Paolo M Cunha¹⁷, Timothy Olds¹⁸, Justin A Haegele¹⁹, Liye Zou²⁰

Affiliations

¹ Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
² Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Faculty of Education, University of Macau, 999078, Macau, China.
³ Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile.
⁴ Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
⁵ Department of Decision and Information Sciences, C.T. Bauer College of Business, University of Houston, TX, USA.
⁶ Department of Sport, Exercise & Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁷ Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA.
⁸ Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
⁹ Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
¹⁰ School of Rehabilitation, Sport and Psychology, AECC University College, Bournemouth BH5 2DF, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
¹¹ School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada.
¹² Department of Sport Sciences an d Physical Education, Ecol e Normal e Supérieure Rennes, Bruz, France; Laboratory VIPS2, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.
¹³ Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Health, Physical Education, and Sport, School of Education, College of Design and Social Context, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
¹⁵ Research Group for Adapted Physical Activity and Psychomotor Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, O&N IV Herestraat49, Mailbox 1510, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; UPC KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Autism Research (LAuRes), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁶ Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4407, USA.
¹⁷ Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.
¹⁸ Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA5001, Australia.
¹⁹ Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, USA.
²⁰ Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China. Electronic address: liyezou123@gmail.com.

PMID: 38190861
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.017

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to investigate associations of meeting 24-h movement behavior (24-HMB: physical activity [PA], screen time [ST] in the school-aged youth, and sleep) guidelines with indicators of academic engagement, psychological functioning, and cognitive function in a national representative sample of U.S. youth.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1794 participants aged 6 to 17 years old were included for multivariable logistic regression to determine the above-mentioned associations, while adjusting for sociodemographic and health covariates.

Results: The proportion of participants who met 24-HMB guideline(s) varied greatly (PA+ ST+ sleep = 34 [weighted 1.17 %], PA + ST = 23 [weighted 1.72 %], PA + sleep = 52 [weighted 2.15 %], PA = 34 [weighted 2.88 %], ST = 142 [weighted 7.5 %], ST+ sleep = 209 [weighted 11.86 %], sleep = 725 [weighted 35.5 %], none = 575 [weighted 37.22 %]). Participants who met ST guideline alone and integrated (ST + Sleep and ST + sleep + PA) guidelines demonstrated the consistently beneficial associations with learning interest/curiosity, caring for school performance, completing required homework, resilience, cognitive difficulties, self-regulation (ps < 0.05).

Conclusion: Meeting 24-HMB guidelines in an isolated or integrative manner was associated with improved academic engagement, psychological functioning, and reduced cognitive difficulties. These findings highlight the importance of the promotion of 24-HMB guidelines in youth with internalizing problems. Future longitudinal studies are needed to investigate whether changes or modifications of meeting specific 24-HMB guidelines (especially ST) is beneficial for youth with internalizing problems.

Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Physical activity; Screen time; Sleep.

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Child
Cognition
Cross-Sectional Studies
Guideline Adherence*
Humans
Schools
Sedentary Behavior*
Sleep / physiology