The perceptions of university students on technological and ethical risks of using robots in long-term care homes

Erika Young; Lillian Hung; Joey Wong; Karen Lok Yi Wong; Amanda Yee; Jim Mann; Krisztina Vasarhelyi

doi:10.3389/frobt.2023.1268386

The perceptions of university students on technological and ethical risks of using robots in long-term care homes

Front Robot AI. 2023 Dec 21:10:1268386. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2023.1268386. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Erika Young¹, Lillian Hung¹, Joey Wong¹, Karen Lok Yi Wong¹, Amanda Yee², Jim Mann¹, Krisztina Vasarhelyi³

Affiliations

¹ UBC IDEA Lab, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
² McGill University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Montreal, QC, Canada.
³ Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted long-term care (LTC) residents and exacerbated residents' risks of social isolation and loneliness. The unmet emotional needs of residents in LTC have driven researchers and decision-makers to consider novel technologies to improve care and quality of life for residents. Ageist stereotypes have contributed to the underuse of technologies by the older population. Telepresence robots have been found to be easy to use and do not require older adults to learn how to operate the robot but are remotely controlled by family members. The study aimed to understand the perspectives of multidisciplinary university students, including healthcare students, on using telepresence robots in LTC homes. The study would contribute to the future planning, implementation, and design of robotics in LTC. Methods: Between December 2021 and March 2022, our team conducted interviews with 15 multidisciplinary students. We employed a qualitative descriptive (QD) approach with semi-structured interview methods. Our study aimed to understand the perspectives of university students (under the age of 40) on using telepresence robots in LTC homes. Participants were invited to spend 15 min remotely driving a telepresence robot prior to the interview. A diverse team of young researchers and older adults (patient and family partners) conducted reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Six themes were identified: Robots as supplementary interaction; privacy, confidentiality, and physical harm; increased mental well-being and opportunities for interactions; intergenerational perspectives add values; staffing capacity; environmental and cultural factors influence acceptance. Conclusion: We identified a diverse range of perspectives regarding risk and privacy among participants regarding the implementation of telepresence robots in long-term care. Participants shared the importance of the voice of the resident and their own for creating more equitable decision-making and advocating for including this type of technology within LTC. Our study would contribute to the future planning, implementation, and design of robotics in LTC.

Keywords: ethical risk; gerontechnology; long-term care; older adult; person-centered care; social connection; students; telepresence robot.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was supported by the Vancouver Foundation through the PAR Grant (Grant ID: GR019971).