Objective: To understand the setting of adult vaccination clinics and the situation of adult vaccination in Shandong province, and provide the date basis for the construction and development of adult vaccination clinics in Shandong province. Methods: Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used to survey the settings, personnel allocation, operation status, and adult vaccination status of child-adult vaccination clinics and adult vaccination clinics. A random sampling survey was conducted for hydrophobia vaccination clinics in 12 counties (cities, districts) of Shandong province. The settings and vaccination status of different types of adult vaccination clinics were compared and analyzed using analysis of variance or χ2-test. Results: Among the investigated counties (cities, districts), the child-adult vaccination clinics, the adult vaccination clinics, and the hydrophobia vaccination clinics accounted for 59.51%, 7.97% and 32.52%, respectively. The construction model could be divided into three models: child-adult vaccination clinic model, child-adult and hydrophobia vaccination clinic model, child-adult, adult and hydrophobia vaccination clinic model. The child-adult vaccination clinics had been set up for a long time (≥3 years accounted for 94.33%) and were set up by public primary medical institutions (public institutions accounted for 93.81% and primary institutions accounted for 92.78%). Each vaccination clinic was equipped with full-time and part-time staff of (3.19±3.01) and (3.72±4.32). The adult vaccination clinics had been set up for a short time (≥3 years accounted for 94.33%) and were set up by public/private primary/secondary medical institutions in urban areas (urban areas accounted for 100%, primary institutions accounted for 69.23%, and private institutions accounted for 57.69%). Each vaccination clinic was equipped with full-time and part-time staff of (2.46±2.87) and (3.08±3.53). The coverage of influenza vaccine (InfV), human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) and hepatitis B vaccine (Hep B) reached 100%, 98.45% and 97.42% in children-adult vaccination clinics, and 88.46%, 84.62% and 73.08% in adult vaccination clinics, respectively. The hydrophobia vaccination clinics only provided rabies vaccine for human use (RabV) and tetanus vaccine (TV) vaccination simultaneously. A total of 819.8 thousand doses of adult vaccines were administered in 2021. The adult inoculation doses of RabV, lnfV and HPV accounted for 42.60%, 27.47% and 17.54% of the total inoculation doses, respectively. The inoculation doses of InfV, HPV and RabV accounted for 49.33%, 21.97% and 13.80% of child-adult vaccination clinics, respectively. The inoculation doses of HPV, HepB and RabV accounted for 49.36%, 15.40% and 14.71% of adult vaccination clinics, respectively. The proportion of RabV reached 94.44% in the hydrophobia vaccination clinics alone. Conclusion: Adult vaccination is at the initial stage in Shandong province. The children's vaccination clinic is mainly responsible for adult vaccination. The variety of adult vaccines is relatively concentrated, and the adult vaccination rate is lower. The construction and publicity of adult vaccination should be further strengthened.
目的： 了解山东省成人预防接种门诊设置和成人疫苗接种情况，为山东省成人预防接种建设发展提供数据依据。 方法： 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样，共抽取山东省12个县（市、区），对儿童-成人门诊、单设成人门诊设置、人员配备、运行状况、成人疫苗接种情况进行调查，对单设狂犬病门诊进行随机抽样调查。采用方差分析或χ2检验，对不同类型成人门诊间的设置和接种情况进行比较分析。 结果： 12个调查（市、区）中，儿童-成人门诊、单设成人门诊、单设狂犬病门诊分别占59.51%、7.97%和32.52%。成人接种可分为3种模式：以儿童-成人门诊为主的模式、以儿童-成人门诊+单设狂犬病门诊为主的模式、以儿童-成人门诊+单设成人门诊+单设狂犬病门诊的共同模式。儿童-成人门诊设置时间长（设置≥3年占94.33%）、设置主体主要为公立一级医疗机构（公立机构占93.81%，一级医疗机构占92.78%），配备专、兼职人员分别为（3.19±3.01）名和（3.72±4.32）名。单设成人门诊设置时间短（设置≥3年占26.92%），设置主体主要为城区一级公立和私立医疗机构（城区占100%，一级医疗机构占69.23%，私立占57.69%），配备专、兼职人员分别为（2.46±2.87）名和（3.08±3.53）名。流感疫苗（lnfV）、人乳头瘤病毒疫苗（HPV）和乙型肝炎疫苗（HepB）在儿童-成人门诊的覆盖率分别为100%、98.45%和97.42%；在单设成人门诊覆盖率为88.46%、84.62%和73.08%；单设狂犬病门诊只开展人用狂犬病疫苗（RabV）和破伤风疫苗（TV）疫苗接种。2021年共接种81.98万剂成人疫苗，RabV、lnfV和HPV分别占42.60%、27.47%和17.54%。其中，lnfV、HPV和RabV接种量分别占儿童-成人门诊接种总量49.33%、21.97%和13.80%；HPV、HepB、RabV接种量分别占单设成人门诊接种量49.36%、15.40%和14.71%；单设狂犬病门诊RabV占比达到94.44%。 结论： 山东省成人预防接种处于起步阶段，儿童-成人门诊是成人接种主要实施单位，成人疫苗接种品种集中，接种量少，应进一步加大成人预防接种建设和宣传力度。.