Actinoplanes pyxinae sp. nov., a new lichen-derived rare actinobacterium exhibiting antimicrobial and anticancer activity

Achiraya Somphong; Trinset Weeraphan; Vasun Poengsungnoen; Chanwit Suriyachadkun; Paranee Sripreechasak; Chatchai Chaotham; Somboon Tanasupawat; Wongsakorn Phongsopitanun

doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.006215

Actinoplanes pyxinae sp. nov., a new lichen-derived rare actinobacterium exhibiting antimicrobial and anticancer activity

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2024 Jan;74(1). doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006215.

Authors

Achiraya Somphong^{1

2}, Trinset Weeraphan¹, Vasun Poengsungnoen³, Chanwit Suriyachadkun⁴, Paranee Sripreechasak⁵, Chatchai Chaotham¹, Somboon Tanasupawat¹, Wongsakorn Phongsopitanun^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
² Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
³ Lichen Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand.
⁴ Thailand Bioresource Research Center (TBRC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
⁵ Office of Educational Affairs, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand.

PMID: 38180333
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006215

Abstract

A novel lichen-derived actinobacterium, designated Pm04-4^T, was isolated from Pyxine cocoes (Sw.) Nyl. lichen collected from Chaiyaphum, Thailand. A polyphasic approach was used to describe the taxonomic position of the strain. The strain had morphological and chemotaxonomic properties similar to members of the genus Actinoplanes. It produced sporangia on the substrate mycelia. Meso-diaminopimelic acid, galactose, glucose and mannose were detected in the whole-cell hydrolysate of the strain. The major menaquinone was MK-9(H₄). The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C_{15 : 0}, anteiso-C_{15 : 0}, iso-C_{16 : 0} and anteiso-C_{17 : 0}. Strain Pm04-4^T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Actinoplanes akusuensis TRM 8003^T (99.0 %). In the phylogenomic tree, strain Pm04-4^T was positioned close to A. aksuensis TRM88003^T, A. maris M416^T, A. polyasparticus TRM66264^T, A. hotanensis TRM88002^T, A. abujensis DSM 45518^T, A. bogorensis NBRC 110975^T, A. brasiliensis DSM 43805^T, A. lichenicola LDG1-01^T and A. ovalisporus LDG1-06^T. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain Pm04-4^T and its closely related neighbours were below the threshold values for describing new species. Moreover, the strain could be distinguished from its closely related type strains by phenotypic properties. Based on genotypic and phenotypic evidence, it can be concluded that strain Pm04-4^T is a representative of a new Actinoplanes species for which the name Actinoplanes pyxinae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Pm04-4^T (=TBRC 16207^T=NBRC 115836^T). The type strain exhibited activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 as well as four yeast strains, namely Candida albicans TISTR 5554, Candida glabrata TISTR 5006, Candida krusei TISTR 5351 and Candida parapsilosis TISTR 5007. It also showed cytotoxicity against Caco-2, MNT-1 and MCF-7 cancer cells.

Keywords: Actinoplanes; Micromonosporaceae; Pyxine; lichen; rare actinobacterium.

MeSH terms

Actinoplanes*
Anti-Infective Agents*
Bacterial Typing Techniques
Base Composition
Caco-2 Cells
DNA, Bacterial / genetics
Fatty Acids / chemistry
Humans
Lichens*
Phylogeny
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
Sequence Analysis, DNA

Substances

RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Fatty Acids
DNA, Bacterial
Anti-Infective Agents