Objectives: To evaluate clinical characteristics associated with survival in patients with metastases to the penis.
Methods: After approval by the IRB, records of collaborating centres in Leuven, London, Rostock, Amsterdam and Tampa were screened for men presenting with metastatic disease to penis. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify covariables associated with survival. We analysed clinical data on 34 patients.
Results: Primary sites were most frequently prostate (n = 14, 41%) and bladder (n = 9, 26%). Twenty-eight of 34 (82%) presented with metachronous penile metastases, and 11 (32%) patients had penile metastases as the sole metastatic site. Penile metastatic locations were most frequently in the corpora (n = 18; 53%). Seven (21%) patients with penile metastases had priapism on presentation. Systemic therapy was frequent and variable (chemotherapy n = 12; immunotherapy n = 5; hormones n = 3). Local management included either surgery (n = 10) or RT (n = 8). Twelve- and 24-month overall survival rate were 67% and 35%, respectively. No clinical parameter including primary histology, synchronous or metachronous metastases or priapism showed statistical survival benefit or detriment.
Conclusion: Metastasis to penis arises most frequently from pelvic primaries. Priapism does not appear to correlate with survival in this large, well-defined series.
Keywords: metastatic cancer; overall survival; penis; priapism; systemic therapy.
© 2023 The Authors. BJUI Compass published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of BJU International Company.