High isolation 16-port massive MIMO antenna based negative index metamaterial for 5G mm-wave applications

Alya Ali Musaed; Samir Salem Al-Bawri; Wazie M Abdulkawi; Khaled Aljaloud; Zubaida Yusoff; Mohammad Tariqul Islam

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50544-z

High isolation 16-port massive MIMO antenna based negative index metamaterial for 5G mm-wave applications

Sci Rep. 2024 Jan 2;14(1):290. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50544-z.

Authors

Alya Ali Musaed¹, Samir Salem Al-Bawri², Wazie M Abdulkawi³, Khaled Aljaloud⁴, Zubaida Yusoff⁵, Mohammad Tariqul Islam⁶

Affiliations

¹ Space Science Centre, Climate Change Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Malaysia.
² Space Science Centre, Climate Change Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Malaysia. samir@ukm.edu.my.
³ Department of Electrical Engineering, Collegeof Engineering in Wadi Addawasir, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ College of Engineering, Muzahimiyah Branch, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, 63100, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia. zubaida@mmu.edu.my.
⁶ Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.

Abstract

A 16-port massive Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (mMIMO) antenna system featuring a high gain and efficiency is proposed for millimeter-wave applications. The antenna system consists of 64 elements with a total size of 17 λo × 2.5λo, concerning the lowest frequency. Each 2 × 2 (radiating patch) subarray is designed to operate within the 25.5-29 GHz frequency range. The antenna's performance in terms of isolation, gain, and efficiency has been significantly improved by utilizing the proposed unique double and epsilon negative (DNG/ENG) metamaterials. The array elements are positioned on top of a Rogers RT5880 substrate, with ENG metamaterial unit cells interposed in between to mitigate coupling effects. Additionally, the DNG metamaterial reflector is positioned at the rear of the antenna to boost the gain. As a result, the metamaterial-based mMIMO antenna offers lower measured isolation reaching 25 dB, a maximum gain of 20 dBi and an efficiency of up to 99%. To further analyze the performance of the MIMO antenna, the diversity gain and enveloped correlation coefficient are discussed in relation to the MIMO parameters.