Automatic epileptic seizure detection based on EEG using a moth-flame optimization of one-dimensional convolutional neural networks

Abstract

Introduction: Frequent epileptic seizures can cause irreversible damage to the brains of patients. A potential therapeutic approach is to detect epileptic seizures early and provide artificial intervention to the patient. Currently, extracting electroencephalogram (EEG) features to detect epileptic seizures often requires tedious methods or the repeated adjustment of neural network hyperparameters, which can be time- consuming and demanding for researchers.

Methods: This study proposes an automatic detection model for an EEG based on moth-flame optimization (MFO) optimized one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1D-CNN). First, according to the characteristics and need for early epileptic seizure detection, a data augmentation method for dividing an EEG into small samples is proposed. Second, the hyperparameters are tuned based on MFO and trained for an EEG. Finally, the softmax classifier is used to output EEG classification from a small-sample and single channel.

Results: The proposed model is evaluated with the Bonn EEG dataset, which verifies the feasibility of EEG classification problems that involve up to five classes, including healthy, preictal, and ictal EEG from various brain regions and individuals.

Discussion: Compared with existing advanced optimization algorithms, such as particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm, and grey wolf optimizer, the superiority of the proposed model is further verified. The proposed model can be implemented into an automatic epileptic seizure detection system to detect seizures in clinical applications.

Keywords: convolutional neural networks; electroencephalogram; epileptic seizure detection; hyperparameter optimization; moth-flame optimization.