Antioxidant Activity of Auricularia auricula Polysaccharides with Different Molecular Weights and Cytotoxicity Difference of Polysaccharides Regulated CaOx to HK-2 Cells

Bao-Li Heng; Fan-Yu Wu; Jing-Hong Liu; Jian-Ming Ouyang

doi:10.1155/2023/9968886

Antioxidant Activity of Auricularia auricula Polysaccharides with Different Molecular Weights and Cytotoxicity Difference of Polysaccharides Regulated CaOx to HK-2 Cells

Bioinorg Chem Appl. 2023 Dec 23:2023:9968886. doi: 10.1155/2023/9968886. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Bao-Li Heng^{1

2}, Fan-Yu Wu^{1

2}, Jing-Hong Liu³, Jian-Ming Ouyang³

Affiliations

¹ Yingde Center, Institute of Kidney Surgery, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
² Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Yingde City, Yingde, China.
³ Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the growth of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals regulated by Auricularia auricular polysaccharides (AAPs) with different viscosity-average molecular weights (M_v), the toxicity of AAP-regulated CaOx crystals toward HK-2 cells, and the prevention and treatment capabilities of AAPs for CaOx stones.

Methods: The scavenging capability and reducing capacity of four kinds of AAPs (M_v of 31.52, 11.82, 5.86, and 3.34 kDa) on hydroxyl, ABTS, and DPPH free radicals and their capability to chelate divalent iron ions were detected. AAP-regulated CaOx crystals were evaluated by using zeta potential, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The cytotoxicity of AAP-regulated crystals was evaluated through examination of cell viability, cell death, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and cell surface hyaluronic acid (HA) expression.

Results: The in vitro antioxidant activities of the four AAPs were observed in the following order: AAP0 < AAP1 < AAP2 < AAP3. Thus, AAP3, which had the smallest M_v, had the strongest antioxidant activity. AAPs can inhibit the growth of CaOx monohydrate (COM), induce the formation of CaOx dihydrate (COD), and reduce the degree of crystal aggregation, with AAP3 exhibiting the strongest capability. Cell experiments showed the lowest cytotoxicity in AAP3-regulated CaOx crystals, along with the lowest MDA content, HA expression, and cell mortality. In addition, COD presented less cytotoxicity than COM. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity of blunt crystals was less than that of sharp crystals.

Conclusion: AAPs, particularly AAP3, showed an excellent antioxidative capability in vitro, and AAP3-regulated CaOx crystals presented minimal cytotoxicity.