Development and characterization of biogenic copper oxide nanoparticles, with an exploration of their antibacterial and antioxidant potential

Shruti Tyagi; Arvind Kumar; Pankaj Kumar Tyagi; Mehrnaz Hatami

doi:10.1007/s13205-023-03869-5

Development and characterization of biogenic copper oxide nanoparticles, with an exploration of their antibacterial and antioxidant potential

3 Biotech. 2024 Jan;14(1):20. doi: 10.1007/s13205-023-03869-5. Epub 2023 Dec 21.

Authors

Shruti Tyagi¹, Arvind Kumar², Pankaj Kumar Tyagi², Mehrnaz Hatami³

Affiliations

¹ WOS-B Scheme of DST, New Delhi, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, UP India.
² Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, UP India.
³ Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349 Iran.

PMID: 38144392
PMCID: PMC10733263 (available on 2025-01-01)
DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03869-5

Abstract

This study outlines the synthesis of biogenic copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) using an extract derived from Cassia fistula Linn (Cf) leaves through a green synthesis approach. Characterization of the synthesized CfBio-CuONPs was carried out using UV- VIS, FTIR, DLS, XRD, and TEM studies. The CfBio-CuONPs exhibited a prominent peak at 272 nm in UV-VIS spectroscopy, and XRD measurements confirmed their crystalline nature. The FTIR spectrum of CfBio-CuONPs revealed the presence of functional groups such as O-H and aromatic groups. TEM analysis confirmed that the CfBio-CuONPs were predominantly spherical with diameters ranging from 15 to 25 nm. Subsequently, the antibacterial potential of CfBio-CuONPs was evaluated against four pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Bacillus subtilis. Among these, B. subtilis exhibited the highest zone of inhibition (26.93 ± 2.01 mm), followed by E. coli (24.25 ± 1.04 mm), P. aeruginosa (23.98 ± 0.97 mm), and S. epidermidis (22.97 ± 1.20 mm). CfBio-CuONPs demonstrated maximum antioxidant activity (78 ± 1.54%) at a dose-dependent concentration of 2000 µg/ml. Furthermore, in vitro toxicity assessment using the toxtrak test indicated that CfBio-CuONPs exhibited a significantly stronger toxic effect value/PI against E. coli (93.52%) compared to P. aeruginosa (92.65%), B. subtilis (91.25%), and S. epidermidis (82.89%). These results underscore the notable toxicity of CfBio-CuONPs against E. coli, surpassing that against other bacteria and conventional antibiotics. This study highlights the potential utility of CfBio-CuONPs for eradicating pathogenic microorganisms and suggests potential implications for ecotoxicology.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03869-5.

Keywords: Antibacterial potential; Antioxidant activity; Copper oxide Nanoparticles; Eco-friendly approach; In vitro toxicity; Sustainable synthesis of NPs; Toxtrak test.

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