Effects of long-term administration of various dietary prebiotic supplements on the growth, immune cell activity and digestive tract histology of juvenile vimba (Vimba vimba)

Barbara Kazuń; Krzysztof Kazuń; Joanna Małaczewska; Rafał Kamiński; Dobrochna Adamek-Urbańska; Justyna Sikorska; Jacek Wolnicki; Hubert Szudrowicz

doi:10.2478/jvetres-2023-0033

Effects of long-term administration of various dietary prebiotic supplements on the growth, immune cell activity and digestive tract histology of juvenile vimba (Vimba vimba)

J Vet Res. 2023 Jun 16;67(2):233-241. doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2023-0033. eCollection 2023 Jun.

Authors

Barbara Kazuń¹, Krzysztof Kazuń¹, Joanna Małaczewska², Rafał Kamiński³, Dobrochna Adamek-Urbańska⁴, Justyna Sikorska³, Jacek Wolnicki³, Hubert Szudrowicz⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Ichthyopathology and Fish Health Protection, National Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Żabieniec, 05-500 Piaseczno, Poland.
² Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
³ Pond Fishery Department, National Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Żabieniec, 05-500 Piaseczno, Poland.
⁴ Department of Ichthyology and Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.

Abstract

Introduction: The experiment was set to determine the effects of long-term (55-day) use of three commercial prebiotics including Saccharomyces cerevisiae-derived β-glucans and one including inulin on juvenile vimba (Vimba vimba) reared intensively under controlled conditions.

Material and methods: Six-month-old fish were fed commercial feed (Control group, n = 90), or the same feed supplemented with 0.02% Leiber Beta-S (BS group, n = 90), 0.20% Biolex MB40 (MB group, n = 90), 0.30% CeFi (CE group, n = 90) or 1.00% inulin Orafti GR (IN group, n = 90) for 55 days.

Results: In the BS group, the final growth parameters were significantly lower than in the Control group, while the feed conversion ratio was significantly higher. No significant differences were found between any other group and the Control group in the respective parameters. The respiratory burst activity of the head-kidney phagocytes was significantly lower in all fish groups fed the prebiotic-supplemented diets compared to the Control group. The proliferative response of the head-kidney lymphocytes stimulated by concanavalin A was lower in the BS group than in the Control group, while in other groups this response was not affected. No significant differences were found in histopathological analyses of the digestive tract, liver or pancreas.

Conclusion: The long-term supplementation of fish diets with prebiotics can negatively influence the growth, feed conversion, nonspecific cellular resistance and proliferative activity of the T lymphocytes of vimba juveniles.

Keywords: aquaculture; innate immunity; β-glucan.