An Overview of Golgi Membrane-Associated Degradation (GOMED) and Its Detection Methods

Hajime Tajima Sakurai; Satoko Arakawa; Hirofumi Yamaguchi; Satoru Torii; Shinya Honda; Shigeomi Shimizu

doi:10.3390/cells12242817

An Overview of Golgi Membrane-Associated Degradation (GOMED) and Its Detection Methods

Cells. 2023 Dec 11;12(24):2817. doi: 10.3390/cells12242817.

Authors

Hajime Tajima Sakurai^{1

2}, Satoko Arakawa¹, Hirofumi Yamaguchi¹, Satoru Torii¹, Shinya Honda¹, Shigeomi Shimizu¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
² Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Harima Science Garden City, Himeji 678-1205, Hyogo, Japan.

Abstract

Autophagy is a cellular mechanism that utilizes lysosomes to degrade its own components and is performed using Atg5 and other molecules originating from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. On the other hand, we identified an alternative type of autophagy, namely, Golgi membrane-associated degradation (GOMED), which also utilizes lysosomes to degrade its own components, but does not use Atg5 originating from the Golgi membranes. The GOMED pathway involves Ulk1, Wipi3, Rab9, and other molecules, and plays crucial roles in a wide range of biological phenomena, such as the regulation of insulin secretion and neuronal maintenance. We here describe the overview of GOMED, methods to detect autophagy and GOMED, and to distinguish GOMED from autophagy.

Keywords: GOMED; Golgi; ULK1; autophagy.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Autophagy* / physiology
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus* / metabolism
Lysosomes / metabolism

Grants and funding

This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) (23H05480), (A) (20H00467), (C) (20K07353), Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (B) (19K16119), and by MEXT KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (17H06414, 22H04639, 23H04773). This study was also supported by AMED-CREST (JP23gm1410012) and the Project for Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders (JP21wm0525028) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and development, AMED. This study was also supported by the Joint Usage/Research Program of Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.