Purpose: The motivational model of alcohol use indicates that there is a relation between chronic stress and alcohol use, and that this relation is mediated by substance use to cope. However, this model has not been applied to the experiences of transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals. In response, this study investigated whether facilitative (e.g., active and interpersonal coping) and avoidant (e.g., cognitive avoidance and substance use to cope) coping mediate the relation between discrimination and alcohol use.
Methods: Participants include 496 TGD individuals (97 trans women, 126 trans men, and 273 nonbinary), 18-68 years of age (mean=32.09 and standard deviation=12.47), who completed a survey about health behaviors and stress. An exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) were conducted to determine the coping patterns of TGD individuals and multiple mediation analyses were conducted to examine whether distinct coping strategies mediated the relation between discrimination and alcohol use.
Results: Both facilitative and avoidant coping strategies were significantly related to discrimination; however, only active coping and substance use to cope were related to alcohol use. Mediation results showed that substance use to cope (i.e., an avoidant coping strategy) was the only significant mediator. Descriptive results showed nonsignificant differences between TGD gender identities regarding levels of alcohol use and engagement with coping strategies.
Conclusion: The results indicate a clear need for interventions to reduce utilization of avoidant coping strategies among TGD individuals.
Keywords: coping; motivational model of alcohol use; nonbinary; transgender.
Copyright 2023, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers.