Liposomal form of 2-alkylthioimidazolone-based copper complexes for combined cancer therapy

Nanomedicine (Lond). 2023 Dec;18(28):2105-2123. doi: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0210. Epub 2023 Dec 21.

Abstract

Aim: To develop an optimized approach for encapsulating a 2-alkylthioimidazolone-based copper coordination compound within liposomes, which could offer treatment of cancer and bacterial infections by reactive oxygen species generation toxicity mechanisms. Materials & methods: For drug-loaded liposome preparation, lipids and drug mixture in organic solvents was injected into copper salt solution, forming a coordination compound simultaneously embedded in the lipid bilayer. In vitro tests were performed on MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Results: Liposomes had a loading capacity of up to 1.75% (molar drug-to-lipid ratio). In vitro tests showed increased viability and accumulation of the liposomal formulation compared with free drug as well as lack of cytotoxicity in hepatocytes. Conclusion: This optimized technique for encapsulating large copper complexes in liposomes could be used to improve their delivery and better treat cancer and bacterial infections.

Keywords: antibacterial therapy; copper coordination compound; drug delivery; liposomes; triple-negative breast cancer.

Plain language summary

This work introduces a new technique for copper-containing drugs encapsulation in a drug-delivery system. The drug, a promising copper compound, is embedded in lipid nanovesicles – tiny fat particles – for intravenous injection. In addition to chemical characterization of the obtained drug form, tests on cancer cells showed a noticeable effect, whereas healthy cell types were not harmed. Copper possesses not only anticancer effects but also antimicrobial properties, which are also shown by the drug form, and a test of combined suppression of cancer cell lines and bacteria was successful. Hence, the obtained drug form has the potential for dual treatment of cancer and bacterial infections.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bacterial Infections*
  • Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Copper / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Liposomes

Substances

  • Liposomes
  • Copper