Circular rotation of different structures on natural convection of nanofluid-mobilized circular cylinder cavity saturated with a heterogeneous porous medium

Abdelraheem M Aly; Zehba Raizah; Ali J Chamkha

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22865

Circular rotation of different structures on natural convection of nanofluid-mobilized circular cylinder cavity saturated with a heterogeneous porous medium

Heliyon. 2023 Nov 27;9(12):e22865. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22865. eCollection 2023 Dec.

Authors

Abdelraheem M Aly¹, Zehba Raizah¹, Ali J Chamkha²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
² Faculty of Engineering, Kuwait College of Science and Technology, Doha District, Kuwait.

Abstract

The incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method is utilized for studying the circular rotations of three different structures, circular cylinder, rectangle and triangle centered in a circular cylinder cavity occupied by $A l_{2} O_{3}$ nanofluid. The novelty of this work is appearing in simulating the circular rotations of different solid structures on natural convection of a nanofluid-occupied a circular cylinder. The circular cylinder cavity is suspended by heterogeneous/homogeneous porous media. The embedded structures are taken as a circular cylinder, rectangle and triangle with equal areas. The first thermal condition considers the whole structure is heated, the second thermal condition considers the half of the structure is heated and the other is cooled and the third thermal condition considers the quarter of the structure is heated and the others are cooled. The outer boundary of cylinder cavity is cooled. Due to the small angular velocity $ω = 3.15$ (low rotational speeds), then the natural convection case will be considered only. The results are representing the temperature, velocity fields. The simulations revealed that the presence of the inner hot/cold structures affects on the velocity distributions and temperature field inside a circular cylinder cavity. The triangle shape has introduced the highest temperature distributions and maximum values of the velocity fields compare to other shapes inside a circular cylinder cavity. The homogeneous porous level reduces the maximum values of velocity field by 25% compared to the heterogeneous porous level.

Keywords: $A l_{2} O_{3}$ nanofluid; Circular cylinder; Embedded structures; Heterogeneous porous media; Natural convection; Porous media; The ISPH method.