PDAT1 genome editing reduces hydroxy fatty acid production in transgenic Arabidopsis

BMB Rep. 2024 Feb;57(2):86-91. doi: 10.5483/BMBRep.2023-0039.

Abstract

The fatty acids content of castor (Ricinus communis L.) seed oil is 80-90% ricinoleic acid, which is a hydroxy fatty acid (HFA). The structures and functional groups of HFAs are different from those of common fatty acids and are useful for various industrial applications. However, castor seeds contain the toxin ricin and an allergenic protein, which limit their cultivation. Accordingly, many researchers are conducting studies to enhance the production of HFAs in Arabidopsis thaliana, a model plant for oil crops. Oleate 12-hydroxylase from castor (RcFAH12), which synthesizes HFA (18:1-OH), was transformed into an Arabidopsis fae1 mutant, resulting in the CL37 line producing a maximum of 17% HFA content. In addition, castor phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1-2 (RcPDAT1-2), which catalyzes the production of triacylglycerol by transferring HFA from phosphatidylcholine to diacylglycerol, was transformed into the CL37 line to develop a P327 line that produces 25% HFA. In this study, we investigated changes in HFA content when endogenous Arabidopsis PDAT1 (AtPDAT1) of the P327 line was edited using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. The successful mutation resulted in three independent lines with different mutation patterns, which were transmitted until the T4 generation. Fatty acid analysis of the seeds showed that HFA content decreased in all three mutant lines. These findings indicate that AtPDAT1 as well as RcPDAT1-2 in the P327 line are involved in transferring and increasing HFAs to triacylglycerol. [BMB Reports 2024; 57(2): 86-91].

Publication types

  • News

MeSH terms

  • Acyltransferases / metabolism
  • Arabidopsis Proteins* / genetics
  • Arabidopsis Proteins* / metabolism
  • Arabidopsis* / genetics
  • Arabidopsis* / metabolism
  • Fatty Acids / metabolism
  • Gene Editing
  • Plants, Genetically Modified / genetics
  • Plants, Genetically Modified / metabolism
  • Ricinus communis*
  • Triglycerides / metabolism

Substances

  • Fatty Acids
  • Triglycerides
  • PDAT1 protein, Arabidopsis
  • Acyltransferases
  • Arabidopsis Proteins

Grants and funding

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was supported by grants from the Mid-Career Researcher Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2020R1A2C2008175) and New Breeding Technologies Development Program (RS-2022-RD009977), and Program of the Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.