Portuguese translation and validation of the questionnaires from the Canadian Physical Literacy Assessment-2: a pilot study

María Mendoza-Muñoz; Jorge Carlos-Vivas; Antonio Castillo-Paredes; Jose A Parraca; Armando Raimundo; Joana Alegrete; Raquel Pastor-Cisneros; Rafael Gomez-Galan

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1244566

Portuguese translation and validation of the questionnaires from the Canadian Physical Literacy Assessment-2: a pilot study

Front Psychol. 2023 Nov 17:14:1244566. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1244566. eCollection 2023.

Authors

María Mendoza-Muñoz^{1

2}, Jorge Carlos-Vivas³, Antonio Castillo-Paredes⁴, Jose A Parraca^{2

5}, Armando Raimundo^{2

5}, Joana Alegrete², Raquel Pastor-Cisneros⁶, Rafael Gomez-Galan⁷

Affiliations

¹ Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
² Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal.
³ Physical Activity for Education, Performance and Health (PAEPH) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
⁴ Grupo Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física (AFySE), Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile.
⁵ Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal.
⁶ Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PheSo), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
⁷ Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), University of Extremadura, Mérida, Spain.

Abstract

Background/objective: Physical literacy assessment is considered a vital resource to decrease the prevalence of sedentary lifestyles and physical inactivity in children and adolescents worldwide. In Portugal, there is no physical literacy assessment tool for children under 15 years old. The main objective of this study was to carry out a translation and cultural adaptation of the Canadian Physical Literacy Assessment 2 (CAPL-2) into Portuguese, as well as to test its psychometric properties, in children between 8 and 12 years of age.

Methods: The questionnaires included in the CAPL-2 were translated using the translation-back-translation method and adapted to their context. The test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and confirmatory factor analysis of the CAPL-2 Portuguese version were analyzed in a sample of 69 and 138 students, respectively, from a school in the Alentejo region (Portugal).

Results: The Portuguese version of the CAPL-2 questionnaires demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's α: 0.713-0.979) and test-retest reliability ranging from moderate to nearly perfect in the motivation and confidence domain and knowledge and comprehension domain (ICC = 0.549-0.932). The results showed a good fit after adjusting for covariation paths (CMIN/DF = 1.382, p = 0.105, RMSEA = 0.053, CFI = 0.971, TLI = 0.955, NFI = 0.907).

Conclusion: The CAPL-2 version of the questionnaires, translated and adapted to the Portuguese context, demonstrated validity and reliability, making them suitable for assessing physical literacy in children aged 8-12 years.

Keywords: CAPL-2; child; cross-cultural adaptation; physical education; validity.

Grants and funding

MM-M was supported by a grant from the Universities Ministry and the European Union (Next Generation UE) (MS-12). RP-C was supported with a grant by the Valhondo Calaff Foundation (Caceres, Spain). The APC was funded by the Open Access Program of Universidad de Las Américas.