Conveniently monitoring aldehyde changes in heated edible oils using miniaturized kapok fiber-supported liquid-phase extraction/in-situ derivatization coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Food Chem. 2024 May 1:439:138099. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138099. Epub 2023 Nov 28.

Abstract

Heating edible oils generates aldehydes, potentially leading to adverse health effects, making their analysis essential for quality control. This study presents a convenient miniaturized kapok fiber-supported liquid-phase extraction/in-situ derivatization method for the simultaneous extraction and derivatization of aldehydes in oils. The method involves placing 150 mg oil into a 1 mL pipette tip packed with 25 mg kapok fiber, adding 150 μL ACN with 1.5 mg mL-1 DNPH, and post 30-minute static extraction, retrieving the extractant with a pipettor for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. By optimizing critical parameters through a Box-Behnken design, the method exhibits good linearity (1-500 ng g-1, R2 ≥ 0.991), low detection limits (0.2-1.0 ng g-1), excellent accuracy (95.3-107.1%) and high precisions (relative standard deviation < 7.9%). This method simplifies sample preparation processes, cuts solvent use, and facilitates automation. It effectively identifies ten aldehyde variations in six heated oils, displaying distinct profiles consistent with prior research.

Keywords: Aldehydes; Edible oils; In-situ derivatization; Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; Miniaturized kapok fiber-supported liquid-phase extraction.

MeSH terms

  • Aldehydes* / analysis
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
  • Chromatography, Liquid
  • Liquid-Liquid Extraction / methods
  • Plant Oils / chemistry
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry* / methods

Substances

  • Aldehydes
  • Plant Oils