Ultraviolet-C light at 222 nm has a high disinfecting spectrum in environments contaminated by infectious pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2

PLoS One. 2023 Nov 28;18(11):e0294427. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294427. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Ultraviolet light (UV) acts as a powerful disinfectant and can prevent contamination of personal hygiene from various contaminated environments. The 222-nm wavelength of UV-C has a highly effective sterilization activity and is safer than 275-nm UV-C. We investigated the irradiation efficacy of 222-nm UV-C against contaminating bacteria and viruses in liquid and fabric environments. We conducted colony-forming unit assays to determine the number of viable cells and a 50% tissue culture infectious dose assay to evaluate the virus titration. A minimum dose of 27 mJ/cm2 of 222-nm UV-C was required for >95% germicidal activity for gram-negative and -positive bacteria. A 25.1 mJ/cm2 dose could ensure >95% virucidal activity against low-pathogenic avian influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). In addition, this energy dose of 222-nm UV-C effectively inactivated SARS-CoV-2 variants, Delta and Omicron. These results provide valuable information on the disinfection efficiency of 222-nm UV-C in bacterial and virus-contaminated environments and can also develop into a powerful tool for individual hygiene.

MeSH terms

  • Bacteria / radiation effects
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • Communicable Diseases*
  • Disinfection / methods
  • Humans
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Ultraviolet Rays
  • Viruses* / radiation effects

Supplementary concepts

  • SARS-CoV-2 variants

Grants and funding

This research was supported by the grant of the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI, HI22C1637) and Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2021R1C1C2005307 and 2017R1A6A1A03015876). Sang-Min Kang received a research fund, HI22C1637, from KHIDI and contributed to conceptualizing research, data curation, methodology, supervision, manuscript review, and editing. Gun-Hee Lee received a research fund, 2021R1C1C2005307, from NRF and was involved in Formal analysis, methodology, validation, and manuscript writing. Dongseob Tark received a research fund, 2017R1A6A1A03015876, from NRF and was involved in conceptualization, supervision, validation, and manuscript review.