Mitochondrial-derived peptides in cardiovascular disease: Novel insights and therapeutic opportunities

Yang Li; Zhuozhuo Li; Yuanyuan Ren; Ying Lei; Silong Yang; Yuqi Shi; Han Peng; Weijie Yang; Tiantian Guo; Yi Yu; Yuyan Xiong

doi:10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.018

Mitochondrial-derived peptides in cardiovascular disease: Novel insights and therapeutic opportunities

J Adv Res. 2023 Nov 24:S2090-1232(23)00357-0. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.018. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Yang Li¹, Zhuozhuo Li¹, Yuanyuan Ren¹, Ying Lei², Silong Yang¹, Yuqi Shi¹, Han Peng¹, Weijie Yang¹, Tiantian Guo¹, Yi Yu³, Yuyan Xiong⁴

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China.
² School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China.
³ Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China; School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China. Electronic address: yiyu@nwu.edu.cn.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, 710018 Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China. Electronic address: yuyan.xiong@nwu.edu.cn.

PMID: 38008175
DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.018

Abstract

Background: Mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs) represent a recently discovered family of peptides encoded by short open reading frames (ORFs) found within mitochondrial genes. This group includes notable members including humanin (HN), mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rDNA type-c (MOTS-c), and small humanin-like peptides 1-6 (SHLP1-6). MDPs assume pivotal roles in the regulation of diverse cellular processes, encompassing apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which are all essential for sustaining cellular viability and normal physiological functions. Their emerging significance extends beyond this, prompting a deeper exploration into their multifaceted roles and potential applications.

Aim of review: This review aims to comprehensively explore the biogenesis, various types, and diverse functions of MDPs. It seeks to elucidate the central roles and underlying mechanisms by which MDPs participate in the onset and development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), bridging the connections between cell apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, the review highlights recent advancements in clinical research related to the utilization of MDPs in CVD diagnosis and treatment.

Key scientific concepts of review: MDPs levels are diminished with aging and in the presence of CVDs, rendering them potential new indicators for the diagnosis of CVDs. Also, MDPs may represent a novel and promising strategy for CVD therapy. In this review, we delve into the biogenesis, various types, and diverse functions of MDPs. We aim to shed light on the pivotal roles and the underlying mechanisms through which MDPs contribute to the onset and advancement of CVDs connecting cell apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. We also provide insights into the current advancements in clinical research related to the utilization of MDPs in the treatment of CVDs. This review may provide valuable information with MDPs for CVD diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Cardiovascular diseases; Inflammation; Mitochondria-derived peptides; Oxidative stress; Therapeutic potentials.

Publication types

Review