Association between Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and the Risk of Cardio Cerebrovascular Disease

Abstract

Objectives: This study investigated the association between sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) among older adults in South Korea.

Methods: Data from 38,426 patients in the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort from 2002 to 2019 were collected. The risk of CCVD includes both stroke and acute myocardial infarction. Propensity score matching (1:1) was used to identify pairs of individuals with and without SSNHL (n = 19,213 for cases and controls). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the associations between variables.

Results: Patients with SSNHL had a higher risk of CCVD (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11-1.24) compared to those without. The risk of CCVD was higher among those who experienced a stroke than those who did not (HR = 1.17 95% CI = 1.10-1.25). Compared to their matched controls, patients with SSNHL were 1.69 times (HR = 1.69 CI = 1.46-1.94) more likely to have CCVD during the first 12 months of the follow-up period.

Conclusion: Older patients with SSNHL are at an increased risk of CCVD. Hence, a more attentive approach featuring aggressive monitoring of patients with SSNHL is required to lessen their risk of CCVD.

Level of evidence: 3 Laryngoscope, 134:2372-2376, 2024.

Keywords: acute myocardial infarction; cardio – cerebrovascular disease; stroke; sudden sensorineural hearing loss.