Use of remote patient monitoring kits to reduce hospitalization and mortality rates for patients with heart failure

Abstract

Purpose: Patients with heart failure (HF) are at an increased risk of volume overload, which can lead to hospital admission. Use of noninvasive remote patient monitoring (RPM) devices utilizing biometric sensors and weighing scales to track vital signs and body weight has uncertain benefits. At the Baptist Health Louisville (BHLOU) HF Clinic, high-risk patients were given RPM kits. The purpose of this study was to determine whether RPM led to reductions in HF hospitalizations and mortality.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective chart review evaluated adult patients presenting to the BHLOU HF Clinic after a recent hospitalization for HF or need for intravenous diuretics within the past 60 days. The study evaluated patients before and after implementation of RPM kits. The primary endpoints were differences in the rates of 30-day HF hospitalization and 30-day mortality. Secondary endpoints included differences in the number of interventions in 90 days, the 90-day rate of HF hospitalization, and the 90-day rate of mortality.

Results: The final analysis included 58 patients in the preimplementation group and 34 patients in the postimplementation group. The rate of 30-day HF hospitalization was 10.3% in the preimplementation group and 0% in the postimplementation group. The rate of 30-day mortality was 3.4% in the preimplementation group and 0% in the postimplementation group. For the secondary endpoints, the number of interventions in 90 days was 3 vs 4, the 90-day rate of HF hospitalization was 22.4% vs 11.8%, and the rate of 90-day mortality was 6.9% vs 5.9% in the preimplementation vs postimplementation group, respectively.

Conclusion: Implementation of RPM in patients with acutely decompensated HF led to numerically lower 30-day and 90-day rates of HF hospitalization.

Keywords: ambulatory monitoring; heart failure; hospitalizations; mortality; patient admissions.