Fucoidan-based antibody-free magnetic nanoparticle for on-site detection of waterborne SARS-CoV-2

Jinhui Zhu; Huijun Lu; Qiuyuan Lin; Tong Zhang; Guang Chen; Yang Zhou; Guodong Sui

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168619

Fucoidan-based antibody-free magnetic nanoparticle for on-site detection of waterborne SARS-CoV-2

Sci Total Environ. 2024 Feb 10:911:168619. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168619. Epub 2023 Nov 15.

Authors

Jinhui Zhu¹, Huijun Lu¹, Qiuyuan Lin², Tong Zhang¹, Guang Chen³, Yang Zhou⁴, Guodong Sui⁵

Affiliations

¹ Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
² Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
³ Shanghai Chengtou Wastewater Treatment Co., LtD., Shanghai 201203, China.
⁴ Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, China.
⁵ Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai 200032, China. Electronic address: gsui@fudan.edu.cn.

PMID: 37977397
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168619

Abstract

The portable and sensitive point-of-care-test (POCT) method is in urgent need to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) for ensuring public health and safety. However, detection of trace number of pathogens in real water sample from the environment still faces challenges, because complex environment disruptors can rapidly degrade targets. Herein, magnetic beads coated with fucoidan and polydopamine (Fuc-PDA-MBs) were introduced as the capture carrier for pretreatment of samples. Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide, can recognize the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S1) protein receptor-binding domain (S1 RBD) and was chosen for replacement of antibody in enrichment. Environmental water seeded with SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudovirus was applied to test performance of Fuc-PDA-MBs method. Under optimal conditions, the use of Fuc-PDA-MBs showed average 76 % capture efficiency at SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudovirus concentration ranging from 10^7.62 to 10^4.34 gene copies (gc)/L. Compared with Electronegative filtration (ENF), Fuc-PDA-MBs showed better virion sorption effectiveness. Fuc-PDA-MBs also validated by raw contaminated urban wastewater and showed high recovery results for SARS-CoV-2 variants. To rapidly detect virus in POCT, nucleic acid extraction-free Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) was used for simplifying experimental process. The Fuc-PDA-MBs-LAMP assay showed the quantitation limit of sample (LOQ) was 10^5.49 gc/L. The whole procedure could be completed within 90 min, including 30 min for virus pre-enrichment, 10 min nucleic acid release and 45 min LAMP analysis. Compared with regular antibody-based immunodetection, this integrated system provides broad-spectrum, economic way to detect SARS-CoV-2 mutants in complex environments and also adaptable for high throughput test, which might be used for on-site early warning of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in developing area.

Keywords: Fucoidan; LAMP; Magnetic nanoparticles; Point-of-care test; SARS-CoV-2.

MeSH terms

COVID-19*
Humans
Magnetite Nanoparticles*
Nucleic Acids*
Polysaccharides
SARS-CoV-2 / genetics
Sensitivity and Specificity
Water

Substances

fucoidan
Magnetite Nanoparticles
Polysaccharides
Nucleic Acids
Water

Supplementary concepts

SARS-CoV-2 variants