A bi-layered asymmetric membrane loaded with demineralized dentin matrix for guided bone regeneration

Wan-Hang Zhou; Yan-Fei Li

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106230

A bi-layered asymmetric membrane loaded with demineralized dentin matrix for guided bone regeneration

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2024 Jan:149:106230. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106230. Epub 2023 Nov 10.

Authors

Wan-Hang Zhou¹, Yan-Fei Li²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
² Department of Stomatology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China. Electronic address: liyf385@mail.sysu.edu.cn.

PMID: 37976993
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106230

Abstract

Objectives: Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a well-established method for repairing hard tissue deficiency in reconstructive dentistry. The aim of this study was to investigate the barrier function, osteogenic activity and immunomodulatory ability of a novel bi-layered asymmetric membrane loaded with demineralized dentin matrix (DDM).

Methods: DDM particles were harvested from healthy, caries-free permanent teeth. Electrospinning technique was utilized to prepare bi-layered DDM-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) membranes (abbreviated as DPP bilayer membranes). We analyzed the membranes' surface properties, cytocompatibility and barrier function, and evaluated their osteogenic activity in vitro. In addition, its effects on the osteogenic immune microenvironment were also investigated.

Results: Synthetic DPP bilayer membranes presented suitable surface characteristics and satisfactory cytocompatibility. Transwell assays showed significant fewer migrated cells by the DPP bilayer membranes compared with blank control, with or without in vitro degradation (all P < 0.001). In vitro experiments indicated that our product elevated messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels of osteogenic genes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). Among all groups, 20% DPP bilayer membrane displayed highest ALP activity (P < 0.001). Furthermore, DPP bilayer membranes enhanced the mRNA expression of M2 macrophage markers and increased the proportion of CD206⁺ M2 macrophages by 100% (20% DPP: P < 0.001; 30% DPP: P < 0.001; 40% DPP: P < 0.05), thus exerting an inflammation suppressive effect.

Conclusions: DPP bilayer membranes exhibited notable biological safety and osteogenic activity in vitro, and have potential as a prospective candidate for GBR approach in the future.

Keywords: Alveolar bone loss; Barrier membrane; Demineralized dentin matrix; Guided bone regeneration; New bone regeneration.

MeSH terms

Bone Regeneration*
Guided Tissue Regeneration*
Osteogenesis
Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
RNA, Messenger

Substances

Demineralized Dentin Matrix
Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
RNA, Messenger