China currently has the largest population of overweight and obese individuals globally. Bariatric surgery is by far the most effective approach to address obesity and associated metabolic conditions. To manage the significant growth of obesity, China's bariatric and metabolic surgery has assumed a pivotal role. Despite a delayed start compared to other nations, China has made significant progress in bariatric metabolic surgery over the past two decades. Presently, the annual number of surgeries ranks ahead worldwide. However, the proportion of eligible obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery in China remains lower than global averages. Looking ahead, China's bariatric metabolic surgery field offers ample room for growth and improvement. This paper aims to highlight the achievements in bariatric and metabolic surgery within China while also addressing challenges, such as the high proportion of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, adherence to operation standards and guidelines, postoperative management and loss of follow-up, and quality control of database. By analyzing the current landscape and challenges, it is anticipated that China's bariatric metabolic surgery will continue to make remarkable progress in the future, bolstered by the collective dedication of the medical community.
中国是目前全球超重和肥胖人口最多的国家，减重手术是目前治疗肥胖症及相关代谢性疾病最有效的方法。面对严峻的肥胖人口增长情势，中国肥胖代谢外科发挥了重要的作用。中国肥胖代谢外科的发展与国外相比，起步较晚，经过20多年的发展，目前年手术总量已处于全球前列。在符合行减重手术干预的肥胖患者中，我国的手术比例是全球最低的国家之一。中国肥胖代谢外科未来的发展有很大的提升空间，本文对目前中国肥胖代谢外科取得的成绩和所面临的问题（如手术量飞速增长面临着手术方式中腹腔镜袖状胃切除术占比过高、手术标准制定与规范实施、术后管理不当与随访失访、数据库建设的质量化管理带来的随访数据等），结合现状进行阐述和分析，相信未来在全体医护的共同努力下，中国肥胖代谢外科将取得更加辉煌的成就。.