What should be the future direction of development in the field of prostate cancer with lung metastasis?

Zhi-Guang Huang; Yi Chen; Tong Wu; Bin-Tong Yin; Xiao Feng; Sheng-Hua Li; Dong-Ming Li; Gang Chen; Ji-Wen Cheng; Juan He

doi:10.5306/wjco.v14.i10.420

What should be the future direction of development in the field of prostate cancer with lung metastasis?

World J Clin Oncol. 2023 Oct 24;14(10):420-439. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v14.i10.420.

Authors

Zhi-Guang Huang¹, Yi Chen¹, Tong Wu¹, Bin-Tong Yin¹, Xiao Feng², Sheng-Hua Li³, Dong-Ming Li¹, Gang Chen¹, Ji-Wen Cheng³, Juan He⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
² Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
³ Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
⁴ Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. hejuan@stu.gxmu.edu.cn.

Abstract

Background: Since the start of the 21^st century, prostate cancer with lung metastasis (PCLM) has accumulated significant scientific research output. However, a systematic knowledge framework for PCLM is still lacking.

Aim: To reconstruct the global knowledge system in the field of PCLM, sort out hot research directions, and provide reference for the clinical and mechanism research of PCLM.

Methods: We retrieved 280 high-quality papers from the Web of Science Core Collection and conducted a bibliometric analysis of keywords, publication volume, and citation frequency. Additionally, we selected differentially expressed genes from global high-throughput datasets and performed enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction analysis to further summarize and explore the mechanisms of PCLM.

Results: PCLM has received extensive attention over the past 22 years, but there is an uneven spatial distribution in PCLM research. In the clinical aspect, the treatment of PCLM is mainly based on chemotherapy and immunotherapy, while diagnosis relies on methods such as prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography. In the basic research aspect, the focus is on cell adhesion molecules and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, among others. Traditional treatments, such as chemotherapy, remain the mainstay of PCLM treatment, while novel approaches such as immunotherapy have limited effectiveness in PCLM. This study reveals for the first time that pathways related to coronavirus disease 2019, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and ribosome are closely associated with PCLM.

Conclusion: Future research should focus on exploring and enhancing mechanisms such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and ribosome and improve existing mechanisms like cadherin binding and cell adhesion molecules.

Keywords: Bibliometric analysis; Chemotherapy; Enrichment analysis; Immunotherapy; Lung metastasis; Prostate cancer.