Assessment of yield performances for grain sorghum varieties by AMMI and GGE biplot analyses

Runfeng Wang; Hailian Wang; Shaoming Huang; Yingxing Zhao; Erying Chen; Feifei Li; Ling Qin; Yanbing Yang; Yan'an Guan; Bin Liu; Huawen Zhang

doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1261323

Assessment of yield performances for grain sorghum varieties by AMMI and GGE biplot analyses

Front Plant Sci. 2023 Oct 30:14:1261323. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1261323. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Runfeng Wang^{1

2}, Hailian Wang^{1

2}, Shaoming Huang³, Yingxing Zhao^{1

2}, Erying Chen^{1

2}, Feifei Li^{1

2}, Ling Qin^{1

2}, Yanbing Yang^{1

2}, Yan'an Guan^{1

2}, Bin Liu¹, Huawen Zhang^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
² Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Featured Minor Crops, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
³ Crop Development Center, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

Abstract

Grain sorghum is an exceptional source of dietary nutrition with outstanding economic values. Breeding of grain sorghum can be slowed down by the occurrence of genotype × environment interactions (GEI) causing biased estimation of yield performance in multi-environments and therefore complicates direct phenotypic selection of superior genotypes. Multi-environment trials by randomized complete block design with three replications were performed on 13 newly developed grain sorghum varieties at seven test locations across China for two years. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype + genotype × environment (GGE) biplot models were adopted to uncover GEI patterns and effectively identify high-yielding genotypes with stable performance across environments. Yield (YLD), plant height (PH), days to maturity (DTM), thousand seed weight (TSW), and panicle length (PL) were measured. Statistical analysis showed that target traits were influenced by significant GEI effects (p < 0.001), that broad-sense heritability estimates for these traits varied from 0.40 to 0.94 within the medium to high range, that AMMI and GGE biplot models captured more than 66.3% of total variance suggesting sufficient applicability of both analytic models, and that two genotypes, G3 (Liaoza No.52) and G10 (Jinza 110), were identified as the superior varieties while one genotype, G11 (Jinza 111), was the locally adapted variety. G3 was the most stable variety with highest yielding potential and G10 was second to G3 in average yield and stability whereas G11 had best adaptation only in one test location. We recommend G3 and G10 for the production in Shenyang, Chaoyang, Jinzhou, Jinzhong, Yulin, and Pingliang, while G11 for Yili.

Keywords: AMMI; G × E interaction; GGE biplot; grain sorghum; multi-environment trial; yield performance and stability.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The current research was fully supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-06-14.5-B23), Agricultural Fine Seed Project of Shandong Province (2021LZGC006), and Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CXGC2023A02).