[Molecular and other ancillary tests proposed by The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology 2023]

Abstract

For the first time the 2023 version of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology dedicates a whole chapter (chapter 14) to ancillary studies almost exclusively represented by molecular testing. The latest data reported bring some evidence that molecular testing could help to optimize the diagnostic performance of « indeterminate » categories (AUS and NF). Other studies suggest a promising role to guide the management of suspicious of malignancy and malignant categories. Indeed, the recognition of prognostic and predictive biomarkers analyzed on cytological samples, regardless of how it is collected, has progressed thanks to advances in our knowledge of molecular abnormalities of thyroid tumors. The chapter 14 is presented here highlighting the current and emerging roles of « in-house » and commercialized molecular testing as presented by TSBRTC.

Keywords: Afirma; Atypia of undeterminated significance (AUS); Atypies de signification indéterminée (ASI); Cytoponction à l’aiguille fine (FNA); Fine needle aspiration (FNA); Follicular neoplasm (NF); New generation sequencing (NGS); Néoplasme folliculaire (NF); Séquençage de nouvelle génération (NGS); Test moléculaire « maison »; ThyGeNEXT; ThyraMIR; Thyroseq; « In-house » Molecular testing.