Vancomycin, is widely used against methicillin-resistant bacterial infections. However, Vancomycin accumulation causes nephrotoxicity which leads to an impairment in the filtration mechanisms of kidney. Traditional herbal medicines hold potential for treatment of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Herein, we investigated protective properties of plant-based medicine Renogrit against Vancomycin-induced kidney injury. Phytometabolite analysis of Renogrit was performed by UHPLC. Spheroids formed from human proximal tubular cell (HK-2) were used for in vitro evaluation of Vancomycin-induced alterations in cell viability, P-gp functionality, NAG, KIM-1 levels, and mRNA expression of NGAL and MMP-7. The in vivo efficacy of Renogrit against Vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity was further evaluated in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by measurement of BUN, serum creatinine, and their respective clearances. Moreover, eGFR, kidney-to-body weight ratio, GSH/GSSG ratio, KIM-1, NAG levels and mRNA expression of KIM-1 and osteopontin were also analyzed. Changes in histopathology of kidney and hematological parameters were also observed. Renogrit treatment led to an increase in cell viability, normalization of P-gp functionality, decrease in levels of NAG, KIM-1, and reduction in mRNA expression of NGAL and MMP-7. In Vancomycin-challenged SD rats, Renogrit treatment normalized altered kidney functions, histological, and hematological parameters. Our findings revealed that Renogrit holds a clinico-therapeutic potential for alleviating Vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity.
Copyright: © 2023 Balkrishna et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.