Access to affordable medicines: obligations of universities and academic medical centers

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. joffes@upenn.edu.
• ² Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. joffes@upenn.edu.
• ³ Department of Markets, Public Policy and Law, Questrom School of Business, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
• ⁴ S.J. Quinney College of Law, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
• ⁵ Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
• ⁶ Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
• ⁷ Patients for Affordable Drugs, Washington, DC, USA.
• ⁸ Washington University School of Law, St. Louis, MO, USA.
• ⁹ Georgia State University College of Law, Atlanta, GA, USA.