Effectiveness of the spirometry-based motivational intervention to quit smoking: RESET randomised trial

Francisco Martín-Luján; Antoni Santigosa-Ayala; Meritxell Pallejà-Millán; Cristina Rey-Reñones; Felipe Villalobos; Rosa Solà; researchers of the RESET study

doi:10.1080/13814788.2023.2276764

Effectiveness of the spirometry-based motivational intervention to quit smoking: RESET randomised trial

Eur J Gen Pract. 2023 Dec;29(1):2276764. doi: 10.1080/13814788.2023.2276764. Epub 2023 Nov 7.

Authors

Francisco Martín-Luján^{1

2

3

4}, Antoni Santigosa-Ayala^{1

2

4}, Meritxell Pallejà-Millán^{3

4}, Cristina Rey-Reñones^{1

3

4}, Felipe Villalobos^{2

3}, Rosa Solà⁴; researchers of the RESET study

Affiliations

¹ Department of Primary Care Camp de Tarragona, Institut Català de la Salut, Tarragona, Spain.
² CENIT Research Group, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP JGol), Barcelona, Spain.
³ Primary Healthcare Research Support Unit Camp de Tarragona, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Reus, Spain.
⁴ School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.

Abstract

Background: The effectiveness of providing feedback on spirometry results for smoking cessation remains inconclusive according to the current evidence.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of a motivational intervention based on spirometry results in achieving prolonged smoking abstinence (12 months post-intervention).

Design and setting: A randomised, controlled, observer-blinded, multicentre clinical trial was conducted (from January 2012 to December 2015) in 20 primary healthcare centres in the Tarragona province, Spain.

Methods: Participants, active smokers aged 35-70 without known respiratory disease, were recruited from primary healthcare centres by family doctors and nurses. They were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (IG = 308) or the control group (CG = 306). Both groups received brief smoking cessation counselling. Additionally, the IG underwent spirometry and received detailed information about the results, including lung age. The primary outcome was prolonged abstinence, defined as lasting at least 12 months and validated through cotinine measurement in urine.

Results: The prolonged abstinence rate was 7.8% in the IG, compared to 2.6% in the CG (p = 0.004). At 12 months, in the multivariate analysis, the intervention was identified as an independent factor for smoking cessation (OR 2.8; 95%CI 1.2 to 7.7), a trend maintained throughout the follow-up (HR 2.74; 95%CI 1.13 to 6.62). Moreover, according to the Prochaska and DiClemente model, the preparation or action phase to quit was also associated with smoking cessation (HR 2.55, 95%CI 1.07 to 6.09).

Conclusion: A primary care-delivered intervention involving brief counselling and detailed spirometry information proves effective in increasing abstinence rates among active smokers without known respiratory disease. Additionally, smoking cessation is also influenced by the individual's stage of change.

Trial registration: ClinicatTrials.gov NCT02153047.

Keywords: Smoking cessation; motivational interventions; primary healthcare; public health; spirometry.

Publication types

Randomized Controlled Trial
Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

Counseling
Health Behavior
Humans
Smoking
Smoking Cessation* / methods
Spirometry

Associated data

ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02153047

Grants and funding

All authors had financial support from the 2011 Carlos III Health Institute Health Research Fund (PI11/01962). No financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work; no other relationships or activities have influenced the submitted work.