Association of non-HDL-C and depression: a cross-sectional analysis of the NHANES data

Xianlin Zhu; Yiwen Zhao; Lu Li; Jiaoying Liu; Qiankun Huang; Suhong Wang; Yanping Shu

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1274648

Association of non-HDL-C and depression: a cross-sectional analysis of the NHANES data

Front Psychiatry. 2023 Oct 20:14:1274648. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1274648. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Xianlin Zhu¹, Yiwen Zhao², Lu Li², Jiaoying Liu^{3

4}, Qiankun Huang⁵, Suhong Wang¹, Yanping Shu⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Clinical Psychology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
² Department of Psychiatry, Linhai Kangning Hospital, Linhai, China.
³ Graduate School of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
⁴ Department of Psychiatry of Women and Children, The Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guivang, China.
⁵ Department of Psychology, Yichang Mental Health Center, Yichang, China.

Abstract

Objectives: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) has attracted attention because it is associated with a variety of diseases and is easy to measure. However, the relationship between non-HDL-C and depression is still unclear. Our aim was to assess the relationship between non-HDL-C and depression using the cross-sectional NHANES survey from 2005 to 2018.

Methods: We examined the association between non-HDL-C and depression using weighted multivariable logistic regression models and subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of the results.

Results: There were 42,143 participants in this study and 8.6% had depression (weighted 7.53%). Non-HDL-C was higher in participants with depression compared to those without depression (weighted mean 3.64 vs. 3.73, p < 0.01). There was a positive association between non-HDL-C and depression with a 95% OR of 1.22 adjusted for multifactorial (95% CI,1.03-1.45). In subgroup analyses, non-HDL-C was positively associated with depression in men (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.01-1.70), normal BMI (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.66-1.32) and in participants without hypertension (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.01-1.66).

Conclusion: Non-HDL-C positively correlated with depression, and further research may be better for clinical service.

Keywords: NHANES; cholesterol; depression; non-HDL-C; survey.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by the Science and Technology Program Project of Guizhou Provincial Health Commission in 2021 (gzwkj2021-150), the Science and Technology Program Project of Guizhou Province (Basic of Guizhou Science and Technology – ZK[2023] General 195), Jiangsu Science and Technology Fifth 333 Project (BRA201711), Jiangsu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Research Project (F202060), and Changzhou City Health and Health High Level Talents Training Project.