Frequency characteristics of temporal and spatial concordance among dynamic indices in inattentive and combined subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Ran Chen; Yun Jiao; Jun-Sa Zhu; Xun-Heng Wang

doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1196290

Frequency characteristics of temporal and spatial concordance among dynamic indices in inattentive and combined subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Front Neurosci. 2023 Oct 19:17:1196290. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1196290. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Ran Chen¹, Yun Jiao^{1

2}, Jun-Sa Zhu¹, Xun-Heng Wang³

Affiliations

¹ Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
² Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China.
³ Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumentation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China.

Abstract

Numerous voxel-based resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) measurements have been used to characterize spontaneous brain activity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the practical distinctions and commonalities among these intrinsic brain activity measures remain to be fully explored, and whether the functional concordance is related to frequency is still unknown. The study included 25 ADHD, combined type (ADHD-C); 26 ADHD, inattentive type (ADHD-I); and 28 typically developing (TD) children. We calculated the voxel-wise (temporal) and volume-wise (spatial) concordance among dynamic rs-fMRI indices in the slow-5 (0.01-0.027 Hz) and slow-4 (0.027-0.073 Hz) frequency bands, respectively. The spatiotemporal concordance within the slow-4 and slow-5 bands among the ADHD-C, ADHD-I, and TD groups was compared. Although the ADHD-C and ADHD-I groups showed similar volume-wise concordance, comparison analysis revealed that compared with ADHD-C patients, ADHD-I patients exhibited decreased voxel-wise concordance in the right median cingulate and paracingulate gyrus (MCC) and right supplementary motor area (SMA) in the slow-5 band. In addition, the voxel-wise concordance was negatively correlated with the diagnostic scores of ADHD subtypes. Our results suggest that functional concordance is frequency dependent, and dynamic concordance analysis based on specific frequency bands may provide a novel approach for investigating the pathophysiological differences among ADHD subtypes.

Keywords: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; concordance; frequency dependence; resting-state fMRI; subtype.

Grants and funding

This work was in part supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62071158) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. 2242023K5005).