Establishment and evaluation of animal models of sepsis-associated encephalopathy

Mubing Qin; Yanxia Gao; Shigong Guo; Xin Lu; Qian Zhao; Zengzheng Ge; Huadong Zhu; Yi Li

doi:10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2023.088

Establishment and evaluation of animal models of sepsis-associated encephalopathy

World J Emerg Med. 2023;14(5):349-353. doi: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2023.088.

Authors

Mubing Qin¹, Yanxia Gao², Shigong Guo³, Xin Lu¹, Qian Zhao⁴, Zengzheng Ge¹, Huadong Zhu¹, Yi Li¹

Affiliations

¹ Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
² Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
³ Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK.
⁴ Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing 100017, China.

Abstract

Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a critical disease caused by sepsis. In addition to high mortality, SAE can also adversely affect life quality and lead to significant socioeconomic costs. This review aims to explore the development of evaluation animal models of SAE, giving insight into the direction of future research in terms of its pathophysiology and therapy.

Methods: We performed a literature search from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2022, in MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science using related keywords. Two independent researchers screened all the accessible articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and collected the relevant data of the studies.

Results: The animal models for sepsis are commonly induced through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. SAE can be evaluated using nervous reflex scores and sepsis evaluation during the acute phase, or through Morris water maze (MWM), open-field test, fear condition (FC) test, inhibitory avoidance, and other tests during the late phase.

Conclusion: CLP and LPS injection are the most common methods for establishing SAE animal models. Nervous reflexs cores, MWM, FC test, and inhibitory avoidance are widely used in SAE model analysis. Future research should focus on establishing a standardized system for SAE development and analysis.

Keywords: Animal model; Sepsis; Sepsis-associated encephalopathy; Systematic review.

Publication types

Review