Predicting the strengths of date fiber reinforced concrete subjected to elevated temperature using artificial neural network, and Weibull distribution

Musa Adamu; Khalil Ur Rehman; Yasser E Ibrahim; Wasfi Shatanawi

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-45462-z

Predicting the strengths of date fiber reinforced concrete subjected to elevated temperature using artificial neural network, and Weibull distribution

Sci Rep. 2023 Oct 30;13(1):18649. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-45462-z.

Authors

Musa Adamu¹, Khalil Ur Rehman^{2

3}, Yasser E Ibrahim⁴, Wasfi Shatanawi^{5

6

7}

Affiliations

¹ Engineering Management Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, 11586, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. madamu@psu.edu.sa.
² Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, 11586, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Mathematics, Air University, PAF Complex E-9, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
⁴ Engineering Management Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, 11586, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, 11586, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. wshatanawi@psu.edu.sa.
⁶ Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. wshatanawi@psu.edu.sa.
⁷ Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan. wshatanawi@psu.edu.sa.

Abstract

Date palm fiber (DPF) is normally used as fiber material in concrete. Though its addition to concrete leads to decline in durability and mechanical strengths performance. Additionally, due to its high ligno-cellulose content and organic nature, when used in concrete for high temperature application, the DPF can easily degrade causing reduction in strength and increase in weight loss. To reduce these effects, the DPF is treated using alkaline solutions. Furthermore, pozzolanic materials are normally added to the DPF composites to reduce the effects of the ligno-cellulose content. Therefore, in this study silica fume was used as supplementary cementitious material in DPF reinforced concrete (DPFRC) to reduce the negative effects of elevated temperature. Hence this study aimed at predicting the residual strengths of DPFRC enhanced/improved with silica fume subjected to elevated temperature using different models such as artificial neural network (ANN), multi-variable regression analysis (MRA) and Weibull distribution. The DPFRC is produced by adding DPF in proportions of 0%, 1%, 2% and 3% by mass. Silica fume was used as partial substitute to cement in dosages of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% by volume. The DPFRC was then subjected to elevated temperatures between 200 and 800 °C. The weight loss, residual compressive strength and relative strengths were measured. The residual compressive strength and relative strength of the DPFRC declined with addition of DPF at any temperature. Silica fume enhanced the residual and relative strengths of the DPFRC when heated to a temperature up to 400 °C. To forecast residual compressive strength (RCS) and relative strength (RS), we provide two distinct ANN models. The first layer's inputs include DPF (%), silica fume (%), temperature (°C), and weight loss (%). The hidden layer is thought to have ten neurons. M-I is the scenario in which we use RCS as an output, whereas M-II is the scenario in which we use RS as an output. The ANN models were trained using the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation algorithm (LMBA). Both neural networking models exhibit a significant correlation between the predicted and actual values, as seen by their respective R = 0.99462 and R = 0.98917. The constructed neural models M-I and M-II are highly accurate at predicting RCS and RS values. MRA and Weibull distribution were used for prediction of the strengths of the DPFRC under high temperature. The developed MRA was found to have a good prediction accuracy. The residual compressive strength and relative strength followed the two-parameter Weibull distribution.