One of the challenges of medical practice, especially primary care because of its breadth, is keeping up with the latest research findings. As physicians, how can we select, among hundreds of thousands of research studies published each year, those worth knowing about? Since 1996, a group of American primary care physicians have been systematically reviewing over 100 journals every month to identify new Patient-Oriented Evidence that Matters (POEMs). To be a POEM, a research study must have the potential to change clinical practice by addressing hard, patient-oriented outcomes, such as mortality, intensity or duration of symptoms, or quality of life, as opposed to disease-oriented (surrogate) outcomes, such as laboratory parameters. In addition, it must be methodologically valid, i.e., reasonably free of bias, with its validity evaluated through objective criteria by experts in evidence-based medicine with no conflicts of interest with the industry. To be useful at the point of care, these studies must be easy to retrieve and require little work to review. Starting from this issue, a selection of POEMs most likely to change and improve Italian primary care practice will be published monthly in Recenti Progressi in Medicina as brief evidence summaries. In addition, yearly, we will present an article summarizing the 20 most important research studies for primary care of the previous year.