Synthesis, Characterization, and Adsorptive Characteristics of Radiation-Grafted Glycidyl Methacrylate Bamboo Fiber Composites

Ruqayya Shaheen; Tariq Yasin; Zarshad Ali; Amir Sada Khan; Bushra Adalat; Mehwish Tahir; Sher Bahadar Khan

doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c02466

Synthesis, Characterization, and Adsorptive Characteristics of Radiation-Grafted Glycidyl Methacrylate Bamboo Fiber Composites

ACS Omega. 2023 Oct 13;8(42):38849-38859. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02466. eCollection 2023 Oct 24.

Authors

Ruqayya Shaheen¹, Tariq Yasin², Zarshad Ali¹, Amir Sada Khan³, Bushra Adalat¹, Mehwish Tahir², Sher Bahadar Khan⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan.
² Department of Chemistry, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), PO Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan.
³ Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Bannu 28100, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.
⁴ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

In the present study, a biosorbent was prepared through the radiation-induced graft polymerization (RIGP) technique by using a glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) monomer. Functionalized bamboo materials were used for grafting. The grafting percentage (G %) of GMA on bamboo fibers was assessed based on the optimization of the absorbed dose and concentration of the monomer. The chemical modification of the polymerized product into the sulfonated form of the grafted biopolymer was carried out by using sodium sulfite solution. The modification of the biopolymer at various stages was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. By performing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the morphological changes of the prepared biopolymer were analyzed. The temperature stability of the synthesized material was assessed by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) technique. The prepared sulfonated biosorbent was used in the batch adsorption study for the uptake of copper. We examined a variety of variables, including pH, adsorbent dosage, and time. The adsorption kinetics were studied using pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) models. Adsorption isotherms and thermodynamic parameters were also applied to study the adsorption capacity of the biosorbent. The maximum copper adsorption capacity was found to be 198 mg g^-1 from the Langmuir isotherm. Copper adsorption followed PSO kinetics (R² = 0.999). This inexpensive and eco-friendly biosorbent removed 96% of copper ions from the solution.